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MEMORIE SOCIETA ENTOMOLOGICA
[ITALIANA
FONDATA NEL 1869 - ERETTA IN ENTE MORALE CON R. DECRETO 28 MAGGIO 1936
VOLUME XLIX - 1970
Pubblicato col contributo del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
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SOCIETÀ. ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA
Sede in GENOVA, Via Brigata Liguria, 9 presso il Museo Civico di Storia Naturale
CONSIGLIO DIRETTIVO
PER IL BIENNIO 1970-71:
PRESIDENTE: Prof. Cesare Conci.
Vice PRESIDENTE: Dr. Emilio Berio.
SEGRETARIO: Giovanni Binaghi.
AMMINISTRATORE: Nino Sanfilippo.
|. DIRETTORE DELLE PUBBLICAZIONI: Dr. Carlo Leonardi.
CoNSIGLIERI: Prof. Athos Goidanich, Prof. Guido Grandi, Prof. Marcello La Greca, Dott. Ma- rio Magistretti, Prof. Antonio Porta, Prof. Sandro Ruffo, Prof. Mario Salfi, Prof. Anto. nio Servadei, Livio Tamanini, aries Filippo Venturi, ee Pietro Zangheri, Prof. Edoar- do Zavattari.
REVISORI DEI CONTI: Dr. Giorgio Bartoli, Dr. Tullo Casiccia, Chiara Cassano — SUPPLENTI : Dr. Ducezio Grasso, G.B. Moro. |
COMITATO DI REDAZIONE PER LE RIVISTE: coincide col Consiglio Direttivo.
MB M DAR NE
DELLA
SOCIETÀ ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA
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MEMORIE
DELLA
SOCIETA ENTOMOLOGICA
ITALIANA
FONDATA NEL 1869 - ERETTA IN ENTE MORALE CON R. DECRETO 28 MAGGIO 1936
VOLUME XLIX - 1970
Sede della Societa
Genova — Via Brigata Liguria, 9
Pubblicato col contributo del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
GENOVA FRATELLI PAGANO - TIPOGRAFI EDITORI - S. A, S. 1970
LIVIO TAMANINI
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI (Coleoptera : Scaphidiidae e Scaphisomidae)
In questi ultimi anni la conoscenza degli Scafididi europei ha fatto note- tevoli progressi, specie per le ricerche di LòBL, LUNDBLAD e TAMANINI: di qui la necessità di riassumere quanto si conosce sulla sistematica, la geonemia e la biologia di questi Coleotteri.
Le tavole dicotomiche che riporto comprendono tutte le specie italiane finora accertate ed alcune che, pure non essendo state ancora raccolte entro il territorio nazionale, si trovano nei paesi confinanti, ed è pertanto possibile il loro rinvenimento in Italia.
La sistematica si scosta un poco da quella seguita da Porta (1926). Le due tribù degli Scaphidiini e Scaphisomini vengono considerate due famiglie distinte. Nuovi caratteri vengono esposti per la distinzione dei generi e delle specie, ricorrendo con frequenza all’aiuto di disegni.
La determinazione degli Scaphisomidae va fatta con l’aiuto di un buon binoculare, per la preparazione e l’esame delle antenne e del fallo. L’estrazione di questo organo richiede dell’attenzione e prima di affrontare l'operazione è consigliabile stabilire il sesso dell’esemplare con l’esame dei tarsi medi e ante- riori. Questi, nel maschio, sono ingrossati ed, oltre i normali peli a punta, hanno dei peli più chiari che terminano in una dilatazione a forma di cucchiaio (fig. 9, C). Sarà bene osservare sempre con attenzione l’estremità dell'addome perchè, con una certa frequenza, nella femmina sporgono i due lunghi peli terminali posti all’estremità degli stili.
TAVOLA PER LA DIVISIONE DELLE FAMIGLIE
1. Corpo lungo più di 5 mm. Pronoto unito strettamente alle elitre, ma distinto e non formante con queste un’unica convessità (fig. 1, A). An- tenne di 11 articoli simmetrici, robusti, dopo il 6° gradatamente in- grossati in una distinta clava (fig. 2, I); 5 ultimi articoli coperti da fitta micropeluria disposta uniformemente. Scutello visibile. Cavità delle coxe anteriori aperta sul lato posteriore.
Scaphidiidae
- Corpo inferiore ai 3 mm. Pronoto ed elitre a stretto contatto in modo che formano una convessità omogenea (fig. 1, B); angolo posteriore del pronoto prolungato sulla base delle elitre. Antenne filiformi di 11 articoli; dal 7° all’11° distintamente asimmetrici, appiattiti, molto più lunghi che larghi e con micropeluria rada e distribuita irregolarmente (fig. 9, È). Scutello invisibile. Cavità coxali del prosterno completamente chiuse.
Scaphisomidae
6 L. TAMANINI
Famiglia Scaphidiidae Latreille, 1807
Scaphidiini Casey T.L., 1893. Ann. New York Ac. Sc., VII, p. 510. Scaphidiidae 'TAMANINI L., 1969, Mem. Soc. Ent. It., Genova, Volume Centenario: 48, p. 136.
Famiglia ricca di specie sparse in tutti i continenti, con preferenza per le regioni calde, € rappresentata da noi da due generi con una specie per ciascuno.
1. Corpo nero; elitre con quattro grandi macchie trasverse, giallo-rossicce; elitre con punteggiatura di poco più impressa e fitta di quella del pronoto,
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Fig. 1 - A, Scaphium immaculatum, 3 di mm 6. - B, Scaphisoma subalpinum, 2 di mm 2,3.
Sparsa, a interspazi piani. Sutura accompagnata da una profonda stria di punti che all’altezza dello scutello piega verso l’esterno lungo la base del pronoto. Tibie posteriori del 3 solo debolmente curvate. Scaphidium - Corpo nero lucente anche sulle elitre; queste con 6 strie di grossi punti (strie esterne più brevi). Stria suturale con punti meno profondi e col- legata con la 34 stria elitrale. Pronoto ed elitre con punteggiatura spa- ziata, molto meno profonda di quella delle strie. Tibie posteriore del & curvate ad arco. Scaphium
Genere Scaphidium Olivier, 1790
Scaphidium quadrimaculatum Oliv. Fig. 2, F-I. Scaphidium quadrimaculatum OLIVIER G.A., 1790, Entom. II, n. 20, p. 4. » » GANGLBAUER L., 1899, Käfer Mitteleuropa, 3, 2, p. 341. » » TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. Milano, 109, p. 354.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 7
Lunghezza del corpo mm 5,0-6,5. Parti boccali, primi 6 articoli delle an- tenne e tarsi castaneo-gialli, clava antennale castanea, opaca. T'arsi anteriori e medi del 3 un poco ingrossati e con peli spatolati; mesosterno piatto, coperto da lunghi peli uncinati. Fallo poco curvato, piuttosto piatto e con la parte distale più lunga della prossimale; endofallo con sclerotizzazioni simmetriche.
Geonemia - Presente in tutta l'Europa, con maggiore frequenza a Sud. In Italia è stato segnalato dalle Alpi alla Calabria ed in Sicilia.
Biologia - E stata finora segnalato sui polipori: Melanopus squamosus Huds., Trametes unicolor (Bull.), T. versicolor (L.), T. suaveolens (L.), Lepto- porus adustus (Willd), Ganoderma applanatum Pers. e Fomes fomentarius (L.).
Genere Scaphium Kirby, 1837
Scaphium immaculatum (Oliv.). Fig. 1, A; 2, A-E. Scaphidium immaculatum OLIVIER G.A., 1790. Entom. II, n. 21, p. 5. Scaphium immaculatum GANGLBAUER L., 1899. Kafer Mitteleuropa, 3, 2, p. 340. » » TAMANINI L., 1969, Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. Milano, 109, 7p. 352.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 5,5-6,5. Parti boccali, antenne e tarsi castaneo chiari. T'arsi anteriori del 3 distintamente allargati e, compresi 1 medi, provvisti di molti peli a spatola.
Fallo fortemente curvato e con la parte distale distintamente più lunga della posteriore. Endofallo con sclerotizzazioni asimmetriche.
Geonemia - Presente in tutta l’Europa centrale e meridionale, Tunisia e Algeria. In Italia é stato raccolto con sicurezza nella parte i nell’Isola d’Elba, in Sicilia e nelle isole di Vulcano e Lipari.
Biologia - Raccolto in fogliame guasto di quercia ricco di Micomiceti.
Famiglia Scaphisomidae Casey, 1893
Scaphisomini Casey T.L., 1893. Ann. New York Ac. Sc., VII, p. 511. Scaphisomidae 'TAMANINI L. 1969, Mem. Soc. Ent. It., Genova, Volume Centenario: 48, p. 136.
1. Terzo articolo delle antenne trapezoide, lungo quanto largo o poco più lungo, più breve del 4° (fig. 10, A-N) 3
— Terzo articolo delle antenne cilindrico, sottile, lungo più di 2 volte la sua massima larghezza (fig. 4, A)
ID
2. Stria suturale delle elitre profonda dall’angolo distale allo scutello ed oltre. Ultimo articolo dei palpi mascellari sottile, conico e più breve del penultimo (fig. 4, D). Punteggiatura del dorso rada, leggerissima, pres- soché invisibile Eubaeocera
— Manca una distinta stria suturale; solo a ridosso della sutura vi è un de- bole orlo. Punteggiatura del dorso molto leggera, ma visibile. Scaphoschema
(S. poupillieri Reiche, 1864. Ha gli articoli 3°-6° delle antenne lunghi © almeno 5 volte la loro massima larghezza. Fallo ed endofallo sono descritti in TAMANINI 1969, p. 355. Lunghezza mm 2,7-3,0. Specie della Spagna meridionale, Algeria e Tunisia; non si può escludere un suo ritrovamento in Sicilia o Sardegna)
8 L. TAMANINI
3. Ultimo articolo dei palpi mascellari più grande del penultimo, simile ad un triangolo rettangolo (fig. 3, E). Articolo 6° delle antenne di poco pit breve degli articoli 3°, 4° e 50 uniti Caryoscapha
— Ultimo articolo dei palpi mascellari conico, ike quanto il penultimo e più lungo (figg. 6, F; 9, D). Articolo 6° delle antenne molto più breve dei tre precedenti uniti (figg. 10, A-N) Scaphisoma
Genere Eubaeocera Cornell, 1967
Baeocera ERICHSON W.F., 1845. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl., I, 3, p. 4. Eubaeocera CORNELL J.F., 1967. Col. Bull. 21, 1967, p. 1-17.
1. Specie piccola, non pit lunga di mm 1,35; stria suturale visibile fin verso il mezzo della base del pronoto e poi nell’angolo omerale. 1, E. schirmeri
— Specie piu grande, superiore a mm 1,50, e più convessa; stria suturale prolungata lungo tutta la base del pronoto. | | 2, E. nobilis
1. Eubaeocera schirmeri Reitt. Fig. 4, C-D.
Baeocera Schirmeri REITTER E., 1881. Verh. zool. bot. Ges., 30, (1880) (3), p. 45.
» » GANGLBAUER L., 1899. Käfer Mitteleuropa, 3, 2, p. 345. Eubaeocera schirmeri LößL I., 1969, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., 42, p. 330-332.
» » TAMANINI L., 1969, Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 356.
Lunghezza mm 1,1-1,35. Corpo da castaneo-nero a giallo castaneo a se- conda della maturazione gels care. parti boccali, antenne e zampe sempre più chiari. I rapporti di lunghezza dei vari articoli delle antenne sono molto vi- cini a quelli della specie seguente. Il fallo tozzo e globoso ha i parameri molto lunghi (sono più lunghi dei 5/7 del fallo). L’endofallo ha la parte distale mag- giormente sclerotizzata.
Geonemia - La distribuzione di questa piccolissima e rara specie non è ben definita; la si conosce della ‘Transcaucasia, dei Balcani, dell'Ungheria e della Corsica; secondo LòBL (1969: 332) in Italia venne raccolta nell Emilia.
Biologia - Sembra prediligere gli ambienti umidi con marciume di Arundo.
2. Eubaeocera nobilis Reitt. Fig. 4, A-B.
Baeocera nobilis REITTER E., 1884. Ann. Museo Civ. St. Nat. Genova, 21, p. 370. > Devillei REITTER E., 1899, Wiener Ent. Zeit., 18, p. 157.
Eubaeocera nobilis LösL I., 1969. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., 42, p. 333. » » TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 356.
Lunghezza mm 1,50-1,70. La colorazione è come nella specie precedente; la punteggiatura è ancora meno visibile. I rapporti di lunghezza dei vari articoli
(1) Il volume XXX delle Verhandlungen, per l’anno 1880, venne pubblicato nel 1881 e non nel 1880 come segnato in tutte le bibliografie.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 9
r
Fig. 2 - A-E, Scaphium immaculatum: A, D, fallo visto di fianco e di sopra; B, parte distale del paramere; C, margine interno del paramere a maggiore ingrandimento; E, endofallo con le parti maggiormente sclerotizzate. - F-I, Scaphidium quadrimaculatum: F,G, fallo visto di sopra e di fianco; H, endofallo con le parti maggiormente sclerotizzate; I, antenna.
10 L. TAMANINI
delle antenne sono evidenti nella figura. Il fallo & più allungato che nella specie precedente ed ha i parameri più brevi. L’endofallo ha la parte distale trasformata in un tubo contorto molto sclerificato (nella figura sporge oltre il fallo).
Geonemia - E un elemento del mediterraneo-occidentale: Francia, Corsica; Sardegna (zona tipica), Italia, Algeria e Tunisia. In Italia & stato rac- colto in Liguria, Toscana, Lazio, Calabria, Puglia e Lucania.
Biologia - Nulla sappiamo con certezza circa l’ambiente di questa Specie; ma conoscendo i sistemi di ricerca di Dodero e Schatzmayr, dai quali provengono 1 nostri esemplari, possiamo ritenere che viva nel fogliame guasto o sotto le cortecce di alberi guasti.
Genere Caryoscapha Ganglbauer, 1899
Scaphosoma subg. Caryoscapha GANGLBAUER L., 1899. Kafer Mitteleuropa, 3, 2, p. 343. Caryoscapha WINKLER A., 1925. Catalogus Coleopt. reg. palaearct., P. 3, p. 322.
1. Caryoscapha limbatum Erichs. Fig. 3, A-E.
Scaphisoma limbatum EricHson W.F., 1845. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl, 3, p. 11. Scaphosoma subg. Caryoscapha limbatum GANGLBAUER L., 1899. Kafer Mitteleur. 3, 2, p. 344. Caryoscapha limbatum TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109/4, p. 361.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 2,5-2,8. Il colore del corpo varia tra il castaneo nero ed il castaneo; parti boccali, antenne e zampe sono castaneo chiari. Si stacca da tutte le nostre specie per la grandezza, la convessità del corpo e la punteg- giatura bene evidente anche sul pronoto. Il fallo, visto di fianco, ha la parte distale leggermente curvata in basso; i parameri diritti e dilatati nell’ultimo terzo distale. L’endofallo ha la parte distale bene sclerotizzata, conica e lunga quanto la metà dell’intero endofallo.
Geonemia - È diffuso nell Europa meridionale e media, al Nord è raro; vi è pure nella Siberia orientale. In Italia è stato raccolto in Calabria e Sardegna.
Biologia - Nulla si conosce dell ambiente e della vita di questa specie.
Genere Scaphisoma Leach, 1815
Scaphisoma LeacH W.E., 1815. Edimbur. Encyclop., IX, p. 89. Scaphosoma Acassiz L., 1846. Nomenclator Zool. Index Univers., p. 332. Scaphisoma CASEY T.L., 1893. Ann. New York Acad. Sc., VII, 1892-1894, p. 511.
In tutte le specie il corpo è nero o nero-castaneo, le zampe tendono al castaneo ed hanno i tarsi più chiari; le antenne sono giallo-grige ed hanno gli ultimi 5 articoli più oscuri. Fa eccezione il boleti il cui colore predominante è il castaneo. Le regioni superiori sono sempre lucenti, hanno una punteggiatura spaziata, variamente impressa e sul pronoto sempre più debole che sulle elitre.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 11
1. La stria suturale delle elitre, presso lo scutello, curva verso l’esterno ed accompagna per un terzo o più la base delle elitre (fig. 1, B)
— La stria suturale termina all’altezza dello scutello (fig. 8, A,s)
2. Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,65-2,10 (vedi flavonotatum più sotto) — Lunghezza del corpo mm 2,10-2,60
WH © LY
Fig. 3 - A-E, Caryoscapha limbatum: A,B, fallo visto di sopra e di fianco; C, parte distale vista
per trasparenza; D, antenna; E, i due ultimi articoli dei palpi mascellari. - F, Scaphisoma subal-
pinum: fallo visto di fianco. - G,H, S. obenbergeri: G, fallo visto di fianco (pd parte distale scle- rotizzata); H, endofallo visto di sopra.
12
L. TAMANINI
. Articolo 5° delle antenne lungo quanto il 3°+4° o di poco più lungo 4
Articolo 5° delle antenne più breve del 30-+4° (2) 5
. Elitre, viste di sopra, ai lati, più lunghe della massima larghezza. Articolo |
6° delle antenne di poco più lungo del 5° (6° = 50-+1/5 del 49) (3)
. S. subalpinum Elitre, ai lati, lunghe pressoché quanto la massima larghezza o solo leg- germente più lunghe. Articolo 6° delle antenne di poco più breve del
40750360 59.910: del 4°) usuale 3. 8. obenbergert
. Elitre con la massima larghezza uguale alla massima lunghezza (viste di
sopra). Antenne più robuste che nella specie seguente: il 5° articolo è lungo circa 3 volte, il 6° 3,5 volte e il 7° 3 volte la sua massima larghezza. Lunghezza del corpo mm 2,4-2,6 2. S. balcanicum Elitre leggermente più lunghe della massima larghezza. Antenne con tutti gli articoli più stretti: il 5° è lungo circa 4 volte, il 6° 4,5 volte e il 7° 4,4 volte la sua massima larghezza. Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,9-2,4
5. S. flavonotatum
. Elitre, viste di sopra, ai lati, distintamente più lunghe della loro massima
larghezza. Articoli 6° e 5° delle antenne pressochè di uguale lunghezza; articolo 8° più breve o uguale al 6° (fig. 10, F, G)
Elitre con la massima larghezza pressochè uguale alla massima lunghezza. Articolo 6° delle antenne più lungo del 5°; articolo 8° uguale al 6° o di poco più breve (fig. 10, D, E) 7
. Articolo 8° delle antenne uguale al 6°. Punteggiatura delle elitre spa-
ziata e profonda. Fallo lungo mm 0,50 4. S. assimile Articolo 8° delle antenne di poco più breve del 6°. Punteggiatura delle elitre più vicina e meno profonda. Fallo lungo mm 0,75 5. S. flavonotatum
. Corpo castaneo. Articolo 5° delle antenne distintamente più breve del
SA (59: SE" 1/2 6.315 <del 3°) 6. S. boleti Corpo nero o nero-castaneo. Articolo 5° delle antenne lungo quanto ‘1 30140 7. S. boreale
. Lunghezza superiore a mm 2,15. Articolo 3° delle antenne lungo circa
quanto largo; articolo 8° di poco più lungo del 30-440 e pari a circa mm 0,07; articolo 5° con numerosi peli, in numero maggiore che nel- l’agaricinum (fig. 7, E). Lunghezza del fallo (fig. 7, G,H) mm 0,60-0,63. Lunghezza del corpo mm 2,15-2,20. Specie descritta di Corfù e diffu- sa in Grecia; si potrebbe trovare nell’Italia meridionale.
S. corcyricum Löbl, 1964 Lunghezza del corpo inferiore a mm 2,15; se uguale o superiore l’arti- colo 8° delle antenne è assai breve (mm 0,04-0,05), più breve del 30-49; articolo 5° solo con pochi peli (fig. 7, F) 10
(2) La lunghezza degli articoli delle antenne venne misurata lungo il margine più diritto,
corrispondente al lato posteriore dell’antenna.
(3) Queste equivalenze non hanno valore assoluto, ma solo indicativo.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 13
Fig. 4 - A,B, Eubaeocera nobilis: A, articoli III-XI dell’antenna; B, fallo visto di lato con l’en-
dofallo parzialmente sporgente. - C.D, E. schirmeri: C, fallo visto di fianco; D, due ultimi arti-
coli dei palpi mascellari. - E, Scaphisoma balcanicum: fallo visto di fianco. - F, S. flavonotatum: fallo visto di fianco. - G,H, S. boreale: fallo visto di fianco e di sopra.
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19%
L. TAMANINI
Articolo 3° delle antenne lungo quanto largo o pit largo; articolo 4° piu lungo del 3° (4° = 1,2-1,3 volte il 3°); articolo 5° più lungo del 6°; articolo 8° lungo circa 1,9 volte la massima larghezza
8. S. palumbot Articolo 3° delle antenne più lungo che largo; se è lungo quanto largo l’articolo 4° è lungo quanto il 3° o al più 1,1 volte il 3° (vedi erratum) 11
Articolo 8° delle antenne molto breve (mm 0,04-0,05), la sua lunghezza è 1,7-1,8 volte la larghezza massima; articolo 5° più lungo del 6°; ar- ticolo 7° più lungo del 9° e di poco più breve del 10°. La lunghezza del corpo raggiunge i 2 mm 12 Articolo 8° più lungo (mm 0,06-0,07) e meno largo, la sua lunghezza è 2,0-2,5 volte la larghezza massima. La lunghezza del corpo inferiore a 2 mm Lo
Articolo 4° delle antenne lungo circa quanto largo o poco più lungo del 3° (4° = 1,0-1,1 volte il 3°); articolo 5° più lungo del 3°--4°. Lun- ghezza massima delle elitre, viste di sopra, maggiore della massima larghezza. Fallo lungo mm 0,42-0,46; estremità dei parameri, visti di lato, curvata in basso (fig. 6:I). Lunghezza del corpo 1,7-2,0. Specie dif- fusa nell’Africa Minore ed assai vicina allo S. palumboi della Sicilia e allo S. ruffoi della Sardegna. S. erratum Löbl, 1965 Articolo 4° delle antenne sempre più lungo che largo e circa 1,5-2,0 volte la lunghezza del 3°; articolo 5° lungo quanto il 3°+4°. Lunghezza del fallo mm 0,50-0,54. Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,9-2,2
10. S. ınopinatum
Punteggiatura delle elitre molto leggera, ma abbastanza fitta (fig. 7: B). Articolo 4° delle antenne di poco più lungo del 3° (4° = 1,1-1,2 volte il 39); articolo 5° leggermente più breve o uguale al 69; articolo 7° molto più lungo del 6°, uguale o leggermente più lungo del 9° e leggermente più breve’ del: 109° (fig. POST) 9. 8: Waffen Punteggiatura delle elitre variamente impressa, ma meno fitta (fig. 8:
D-F). Articolo 4° delle antenne pit lungo (4° = 1,3-1,6 volte il 3°) 14
Punteggiatura delle elitre assai leggera, specie nel maschio, densita come in fig. 8: D; lunghezza laterale, vista di sopra, maggiore della massima larghezza. Articolo 5° delle antenne uguale o più lungo del
6°. Fallo assai piccolo: mm 0,35-0,37 13. S. ıtalıcum Punteggiatura più profonda e spaziata come in figg. 8: E,F. Fallo più grande: 0,43-0,50 15
Elitre con la massima larghezza uguale alla massima lunghezza; con- vessità laterale pressochè uniforme dall’angolo anteriore del pronoto all’angolo posteriore delle elitre. Punteggiatura più profonda che nella specie seguente. Articolo 7° uguale al 9° 11. S. agaricinum
Elitre, viste di sopra, ai lati, più lunghe della loro massima larghezza; i due terzi posteriori delle elitre ristretti quasi in linea retta (sono meno convesse che nella specie precedente). Articolo 7° più lungo del 9° e più breve del 10° 12. S. loeblı
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 15
J
NIE,
EI
ENT
IE ci ee
ZE
ILS Res
Fig. 5 - A-C, Scaphisoma assimile: A,B, fallo visto di sopra e di fianco con l’endofallo parzial-
mente sporgente; C, parte distale del fallo a maggiore ingr. per mettere in evidenza le complesse
sclerotizzazioni (in a le due apofisi cuneiformi rivolte in dietro). - D-F, S. boleti: D, fallo visto
di sopra: E, endofallo visto da sotto; F, fallo visto di fianco. - G, S. agaricinum: endofallo com-
pletamente estroflesso dal fallo (pd parte distale maggiormente sclerotizzata). - H, S. italicum:
parte dell’endofallo a forte ingr. per trasparenza è ritratta la parte distale maggiormente scle- rotizzata.
16 L. TAMANINI
1. Scaphisoma subalpinum Reitter. Figg. 1, B; 3, F; 10, A.
Scaphisoma subalpinum REITTER E., 1881. Verh. zool. bot. Ges., Wien, 30, (1880), p. 44. Scaphosoma subalpinum 'TAMANINI L., 1955. Annuario Ist. Museo Zool. Univers. Napoli, 7°, di dl Del
La lunghezza del materiale italiano esaminato è mm 2,10-2,30; nelle varie descrizioni la lunghezza massima è indicata in mm 2,50. Il fallo visto di fianco ha la parte distale quasi sullo stesso piano della parte posteriore, i para- meri diritti a lati paralleli. L’endofallo ha la parte distale fortemente sclerotiz-
zata e trasformata in un tubo contorto lungo quasi mezzo fallo. Geonemia - È ampiamente diffuso in tutta l’Europa fino al Caucaso.
In Italia è stato raccolto in Piemonte, Lazio, Campania, Lucania, Puglie e Si- cilia.
Biologia - È stato finora accolto sui polipori Fomes fomentarius (L.) e Ganoderma lucidum (Leys.).
2. Scaphisoma balcanicum Tamanini. Fig. 4, E; 10, B.
Scaphosoma balcanicum TAMANINI L., 1954. Boll. Soc. Ent. It., 84, p. 85. Scaphosoma balcanicum LòBL I., 1964. Acta Soc. Ent. Cecoslov., 61, p. 71.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 2,50-2,60. Si distingue dalla specie precedente per le antenne più lunghe, meno dilatate e la maggior lunghezza del 6° articolo. Il fallo si distingue da quello della specie precedente per avere la parte distale diritta e non curvata verso il basso, i parameri conici e leggermente sinuosi. L’endofallo è pure simile a quello della specie precedente, ha la parte sclerotiz- zata ancora più lunga e contorta.
Geonemia - Descritto dell’Albania venne poi segnalato in Svezia, Germania, Cecoslovacchia, Ungheria, Ucraina, Jugoslavia e Austria. In Italia venne raccolto in Emilia e Campania.
Biologia - Il tipo venne raccolto su Trametes versicolor (L.), per le altre catture non si ha alcun cenno.
3. Scaphisoma obenbergeri Löbl. Fig. 3, G,H; 10, C.
Scaphosoma obenbergeri LòBL I., 1963. Reichenbachia, Dresden, I, p. 273-275. Scaphisoma obenbergeri TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 364.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 2,4-2,6. Per la lunghezza dei vari articoli delle antenne si avvicina al precedente, se ne stacca per il grande sviluppo dell’ultimo articolo. La parte distale del fallo fa con la posteriore quasi un angolo retto ed è completamente diritta; i parameri sono diritti ed a lati paralleli. L’endofallo ha la parte distale bene sclerotizzata, ma meno lunga e contorta che nelle due specie precedenti; la parte posteriore è coperta da scaglie fortemente sclerotiz- zate e si stacca, nella forma, dalle altre specie del genere.
Geonemia - Descritto dei Carpazi ucraini venne poi trovato in Ger- mania, Cecoslovacchia, Ungheria, Austria, Jugoslavia, Bulgaria e Russia me- ridionale. Non mi risulta che sia stato raccolto in Italia; ma diverse sono le cat- ture sulle Alpi del Tirolo austriaco confinante con noi.
Biologia - Nonsi ha ancora alcuna notizia sulla vita di questa specie si sa solo che alcuni esemplari vennero raccolti sotto la corteccia di piante at- taccate dai polipori.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 17
Fig. 6 - A,B, Scaphisoma agaricinum: fallo visto di sopra e di fianco (pd parte distale dell’endo- fallo completamente ritirata). - C,D, S. italicum: fallo visto di sopra e di fianco con l’endofallo parzialmente sporgente. - E-H, S. palumbot: E,F, antenna e due ultimi articoli dei palpi mascel- lari dell’olotipo; G,H, fallo visto di sopra e di fianco. - I, S. erratum, paramere visto di fianco.
18 L. TAMANINI
4. Scaphisoma assimile Erichson. Fig. 5, A-C; 10, D.
Scaphosoma assimile ERICHSON W.F., 1845. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. 3, p. 10. Scaphosoma assimile LôBL I., 1963. Biologia, Bratislava, 18, 9, p. 704. Scaphisoma assimile TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 366.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,85-2,15. La lunghezza delle antenne lo pone vicino al balcanıcum ed al flavonotatum; le differenze risultano da un confronto
Fig. 7 - A,B, Angolo scutellare dell’elitra con la sua punteggiatura: A, Scaphisoma palumboi;
B, S. ruffoi. - C,D, S. ruffoi: C, paramere visto di sopra; D, fallo visto di fianco. - E,F, Articoli
terzo-sesto delle antenne: E, S. corcyricum; F, S. agaricinum. - G,H, S. corcyricum: fallo visto di fianco e di sopra.
delle tre figure C, D, E. Le elitre sono sempre lunghe quanto larghe e per la convessita laterale e superiore si avvicinano al balcanicum, hanno perd una punteggiatura più densa e profonda. Il fallo é lungo mm 0,85-0,89, & molto sclerotizzato, per cui é difficile scorgere le parti interne, ed ha la parte distale apribile come un becco. L’endofallo & pure molto sclerotizzato.
Geonemia - Specie piuttosto rara dell’Europa settentrionale e media. In Italia è stato segnalato in Alto Adige, Trentino, Piemonte e Venezia Giulia.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 19
E pure citato per il Lazio, ma & probabile che tale reperto si debba riferire al boleti o al boreale.
Biologia - Secondo le ricerche di Dajoz (1965), la specie vive sul Fo- mes fomentarius (L.) e Grifola sulphurea (Bull.). Il ciclo uova-larve-adulti si svolge in circa 40 giorni sulla faccia inferiore del carpoforo fresco, ricco di acqua. Le larve sono molto igrofile e assai sensibili anche ad un parziale disseccamento del poliporo.
—_ . ——
Fig. 8 - A,D, Scaphisoma italicum; B,E, S. loebli; C,F, S. agaricinum. - A-C, Elitra destra pres- soché di uguale larghezza, ma di lunghezza e forma diversa. - D-F, punteggiatura delle stesse elitre in prossimita dello scutello (la figura vuole mettere in evidenza la densita e non la profondita).
5. Scaphisoma flavonotatum Pic. Fig. 4, F; 10, E.
Scaphosoma flavonotatum Pic M., 1905. Echange, 21, p. 129-131.
Scaphosoma flavonatum LôBL I., 1965. Acta ent. bohemoslov., 62, p. 337.
Scaphisoma flavonotatum TAMANINI L., 1969. Memorie Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Verona, 16 (1968), p. 486.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,96-2,4. E specie molto vicina all’assimile, se ne differenzia per il corpo più grande con la punteggiatura più leggera e più fitta; per le antenne un poco più lunghe e sottili. Il fallo (lungh. mm 0,78-0,85) ha la parte distale leggermente curvata e apribile a becco, la parte posteriore ovale; i parameri visti di lato sono conici e curvati in basso nella parte distale, visti di sopra sono curvati ad arco più che nell’assimile.
Geonemia - E specie nota fino ad orasolo dell’ Algeria, Tunisia e Sardegna.
Biologia - Nulla si sa dei biotopi e dello sviluppo di questa specie’
20 L. TAMANINI
6. Scaphisoma boleti (Panzer). Fig. 5, D-F; 10, F.
Scaphidium boleti PANZER G.W., 1793, Faunae Ins. Germaniae, 12, p. 16. Scaphosoma agaricinum L. e boleti Panz., TAMANINI L., 1954, Boll. Soc. Ent. It., 84, p. 88. Scaphisoma boleti 'TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 366.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,65-2,0. E la nostra specie a colorazione più chiara, ma € un carattere che vale solo nel confronto con specie mature, poiché tutti gli Scaphisoma trasformati da poco in imago, sono castanei. E necessario porre sempre attenzione allo sviluppo della stria suturale: deve giungere fino al primo terzo della base elitrale. Le antenne hanno anche gli articoli 5° e 6° appiattiti sul lato anteriore, il 4° puo accennare ad un appiattimento. Il fallo é piccolo, mm 0,39-0,43, poco curvato se visto di lato ed ha la punta leggermente curvata in basso. L’endofallo, poco sclerotizzato, ha una scultura caratteristica individuabile anche per trasparenza, nel mezzo ha un’armatura ad Y.
Geonemia - E ampiamente diffuso in quasi tutta l’Europa. In Italia è stato raccolto in: Alto Adige, Trentino, Veneto, Venezia Giulia, Lombardia, Piemonte, Liguria, Toscana e Lazio.
Biologia -E stato raccolto in tutti i mesi dell’anno sui polipori: Tra- metes versicolor (L.), Phelinus ignarius trivialis (Fr.) e Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.).
7. Scaphisoma boreale Lundblad. Fig. 4, G, H; 10, G.
Scaphosoma boreale LUNDBLAD O., 1952. Ent. Tidskrift, 73, pp. 29-31. Scaphosoma boreale LòBL I., 1964, Ac. Rer. Natur. Mus. Nat. Slov., Bratislava, 10, pp. 49-50.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,7-2,0. Si distingue dal boleti, oltre che per la colorazione molto più oscura, per gli articoli 5° e 6° delle antenne non appiat- titi. Lo sviluppo della stria suturale ci pud portare all’assimile, ma questo ha la punteggiatura delle elitre più impressa, l’articolo 8° delle antenne lungo quanto il 6° e non pit breve. Il fallo & poco sclerotizzato, lungo mm 0,70 ed ha la parte distale nettamente più lunga della prossimale; i parameri, in prossimita della base, sul lato esterno hanno un profondo incavo. L’endofallo & molto chiaro e presenta delle sclerotizzazioni solo nella parte distale.
Geonemia - E noto solo in pochi esemplari della Spagna, Svezia, Russia europea sett., Polonia, Cecoslovacchia, Ucraina, Jugoslavia, Bulgaria,
DI
Romania e Mongolia. In Italia è stato raccolto in Calabria e nel Lazio. Biologia - Nulla si sa per ora dei biotopi e della vita di questa specie.
8. Scaphisoma palumboi (Ragusa) Fig. 6, E-H; 7, A; 10, H.
Baeocera palumboi Racusa E., 1892. Natural. Siciliano, Palermo, 11, p. 255. Scaphisoma palumboi 'TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 370.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,65-1,77. La lunghezza e la larghezza massima delle elitre sono uguali, la punteggiatura é leggera e spaziata come mostra la figura. Come risulta dalle fig. 6 E e 10 H (la prima della 9, la seconda del 3) le antenne sono caratterizzate dalla brevita degli articoli 3°, 4° e 8°. Il fallo, visto di fianco, ha la parte distale diritta, i parameri sono pure diritti e nella parte distale leggermente ingrossati. Nell’endofallo non & individuabile per trasparenza la parte distale, per la scarsa sclerotizzazione del canale.
N
Geonemia - La specie è nota fino ad ora solo della Sicilia. Biologia - Nulla si sa sull’ambiente e la vita della specie.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 27
mm 0,2
Fig. 9 - A-E, Scaphisoma loebli: A,B, fallo visto di sopra e di fianco; C, tarsi anteriori del ma- schio; D, palpi mascellari; E, antenna. - F,G, S. inopinatum: fallo visto di fianco e di sopra.
22 L. TAMANINI
9. Scaphisoma ruffot Tamanıni. Fig. 7, B, C, D; 10, I.
Scaphisoma ruffoi TAMANINI L., 1969. Memorie Museo Civ. St. Nat. Verona, 16 (1968), p. 483.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,76-1,85. Specie assai vicina alla precedente, si distingue per la maggiore grandezza, la punteggiatura delle elitre più leggera e più fitta, 1 due ultimi articoli dei palipi mascellari più sottili, specie l’ultimo la cui lunghezza è 3,5 volte la massima larghezza (nel palumboi è 2,9 volte la larghezza). Nelle antenne gli articoli 3° e 4° sono più sottili e più lunghi, il 7° e 1’8° meno dilatati. Il fallo del ruffor ha la parte posteriore più grande ed ovale, la distale più breve; i parameri, sia visti di fianco che di sopra, sono più sinuosi e larghi. L’erratum di Algeria, che è molto vicino ad ambedue le specie, ha i parameri, all’estremità, curvati nettamente verso il basso (fig. 6: I) e verso l’interno.
Geonemia - La specie è un endemismo sardo. Biologia - Nonsi ha alcun dato certo sul biotopo e la vita della specie.
10. Scaphisoma inopinatum Löbl. Fig. 9, F, G; 10, L.
Scaphosoma inopinatum LòBL I., 1967. Acta ent. bohemoslov., 64, p. 105-107. Scaphisoma tnopinatum 'TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109/4, p. 376.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,8-2,2. Per la brevità dell’8° articolo delle antenne si stacca da tutte le nostre specie. La forma del corpo lo accosta al- l’agaricinum, è però più grande ed ha la punteggiatura delle elitre più profonda. Il fallo è lungo mm 0,50-0,54, visto di fianco, ha la parte distale diritta e la punta curvata in basso; i parameri sono ingrossati all’estremità ed alla base, ma spe- cialmente alla base per cui, visti da sopra, hanno un aspetto campaniforme. L’endofallo ha la parte distale maggiormente sclerotizzata e simile ad un tubi- cino ricurvo.
Geonemia - Descritto della Siberia è stato poi segnalato in Austria, Jugoslavia sett., Polonia, Russia sett. e Transcaucasia. In Italia è stato raccolto in
Alto Adige.
Biologia - È stato raccolto finora su Trametes sp., Stereum hirsutum (Will.) ed in nidi di Formica sanguinea (Latr.).
11. Scaphisoma agaricinum (Linneo). Fig. 5, G; 6, A, B; 7, F; 8, C, F; 10, M.
Silpha agaricina Linneo C., 1758. Syst. Naturae, ed. 10, p. 360. Scaphosoma agaricinum LößL I., 1967. Norsk Ent. Tidskrift, 14, pp. 33-36. Scaphisoma agaricinum 'TAMANINI L., 1969, Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 367.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,65-1,80. La forma dell’elitra e la densità della punteggiatura sono date dalla fig. 8. Le antenne hanno l’articolo 4° lungo 1,42- 1,53 volte il 3°; il 5° più breve del 6°; in quest’ultimo si può riscontrare l’inizio dell’appiattimento sul lato anteriore. Il fallo è poco sclerotizzato, lungo mm 0,43- 0,50 ed ha la parte distale, vista di lato, distintamente arcuata. I parameri, visti di sopra, sul lato interno hanno una doppia sinuosità. L’endofallo è poco scle- rotizzato, ha la parte distale ridotta a un breve cono più colorato. Nella fig. 5 G è rappresentato l’endofallo completamente estroflesso, in pd è la parte distale più sclerotizzata.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 23
Geonemia - Dall’agaricinum si sono separate, dal 1952 ad oggi, una decina di specie. Sicura é la sua presenza in tutta Europa media e settentrio- nale e dai Balcani al Caucaso. In Italia & stato raccolto con certezza in Alto A- dige, Veneto, Venezia Giulia e sull’Appennino tosco-emiliano, incerta é la sua presenza in Lombardia, Piemonte e Liguria pure essendo stato raccolto in Sviz- zera e nelle Alpi francesi.
Biologia - E stato osservato sui seguenti polipori: Trametes hirsuta (Wulf.), T. versicolor (L.), Porta medula-panis (Pers.) e Grifola sulfurea (Bull.).
mm 0,25 »——1—__1_ 114
O O m n ME O = & < Zz
=]
Fig. 10 - Articoli terzo-undicesimo delle antenne di Scaphisoma: A, S. subalpinum; B, S. bal- canicum; C, S. obenbergeri; D, S. assimile; E, S. flavonotatum; F, S. boleti; G, S. boreale; H, S. palumboi; I, S. ruffoi; L, S. inopinatum; M, S. agaricinum; N, S. italicum.
24 L. TAMANINI
12. Scaphisoma loeb 'Tamanıni. Fig. 8, B. E.; 9, A-E. Scaphisoma loebli TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 372.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,50-1,96. Si puo separare dall’agaricinum e dall’ifalicum con un esame attento delle elitre come indicato nella tavola. L’ar- ticolo 4° delle antenne è molto variabile, la sua lunghezza è 1,3-1,8 volte quella del 3°; il 5°, nella maggior parte dei casi è più lungo del 6°, con minor frequenza è uguale o leggermente più breve. Il fallo è lungo 0,43-0,47 mm, visto di fianco, ha la parte distale diritta; 1 parameri, visti da sopra, sul lato interno, presentano una curvatura quasi omogenea. L’endofallo è assai vicino a quello della specie precedente, ha però l’ultimo tratto più sclerotizzato, sottile e ricurvo.
Geonemia - Fino ad ora si conosce dell'Albania, della Jugoslavia sett., Austria, Corsica e delle seguenti regioni italiane: Alto Adige, Trentino, Veneto, Lombardia, Piemonte, Liguria, Emilia, Toscana, Umbria, Lazio, Campania e Sardegna.
Biologia - È stato raccolto sui seguenti polipori: Trametes versicolor (L.), T. gallica (Fries), T. betulina (L.), T. hirsuta (Wulf.), T. unicolor (Bull.), Fomes fomentarius (L.), Onysomices odoratus (Wulf.), Stereum hirsutum (Will.) e Polyporellus squamosus (Huds.).
13. Scaphisoma italicum Tamanini. Fig. 5, H; 6, C, D; 8, A, D; 10, N.
Scaphosoma italicum 'TAMANINI L., 1955. Annuario Ist. Museo Zool. Univers. Napoli, 7, n. 11, pp. 15-17.
Scaphisoma italicum TAMANINI L., 1969. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, p. 370.
Lunghezza del corpo mm 1,55-1,90. Le elitre dell’ztalicum sono più pic- cole che nelle due specie precedenti (osserva fig. 8), hanno la punteggiatura un poco più leggera e fitta che in quelle. Caratteristica è in questa specie la pic- colezza del fallo (mm 0,35-0,37), sempre poco sclerotizzato. L’endofallo ha il tratto distale trasformato in un breve e sottile canale più sclerotizzato (nella fig. 5 H è visto per trasparenza). Nell’agaricinum tale parte è più breve, ha la forma di un cono con base più larga; nel /oebli è più breve, sottile ed arcuata.
Geonemia - Fino ad ora è stato raccolto in Albania e nell’Italia me- ridionale (Campania, Calabria e Lucania).
Biologia - Venne osservato sui polipori Trametes pubescens (Schum.), T. unicolor (Bull.) e T. versicolor (L.)
\
La presente revisione delle specie italiane degli Scafididi mi é stata pos- sibile grazie al materiale messo a mia disposizione dai Musei italiani. Ringrazio per la loro gentilezza i proff. C. Conci, R. Mezzena, S. Ruffo ed E. Tortonese, Direttori rispettivamente dei Musei Civici di Storia Naturale di Milano, Trieste, Verona e Genova, ed il signor G. Binaghi di Genova, Conservatore della Col- lezione Dodero.
Un ringraziamento particolare debbo all’amico Prof. C. Conci, Diret- tore del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, che ha seguito con parti- colare attenzione questo mio lavoro ed ha messo a disposizione parte degli zinchi qui riprodotti.
GLI SCAFIDIDI ITALIANI 25
RIASSUNTO
L’A. presenta le tavole dicotomiche dei generi e delle specie degli Scafididi raccolti in Italia e nei paesi vicini, riportando anche brevi descrizioni, numerosi disegni originali e cenni di geo- nemia e biologia. Sono trattate complessivamente 20 specie, suddivise in 6 generi e 2 famiglie.
SUMMARY
The Author gives a key to the genera and species of the families Scaphidiidae and Scaphi- somidae collected in Italy and neighbouring lands. For every species a short description is given. The work is completed by many original figures and by a short account of the distribution and biology of each species.
BIBLIOGRAFIA CITATA
Acassız L., 1846 - Nomenclator Zoologicus Index Universalis, Soludum, 432 pp.
Casey T.L., 1893 - Coleopterological Notices, V° - Ann. New York Acad. Sc., 7, (1892-1894), pp. 281-606.
Csix1 E., 1910 - Coleopterorum Catalogus auspiciis et auxilio W. Junk. Pars 13. Scaphidiidae. Berlino, 21 pp.
Dajoz R., 1965 - Morphologie et Biologie de la larve de Scaphosoma assimile Er. (Coleopteres, Scaphidiidae). - Bull. Soc. Linneenne Lyon, 34, pp. 105-110, 10 figg.
Ericuson W.F., 1845-1848 - Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschlands. Coleoptera. 3, pp. 1-968. Berlin.
GANGLBAUER L., 1899 - Die Käfer von Mitteleuropa. III. B., 2° H., Wien, pp. 1-408.
Lost I., 1963 - Scaphosoma assimile Erichson, selection of a lectotypus, and its relation to Sc. curvistria Reitter (Col. Scaphidiidae) - Biologia, Bratislava, 18, 9, pp. 704-705, 3 figg.
LögL I., 1964a - Nachträge zur geographischen Verbreitung einiger Scaphosoma-Arten (Col., Scaphidiidae) - Ac. Rer. Natur. Mus. Nat. Slov., Bratislava, 10, pp. 49-50, 2 figg.
LéBL I., 1964b - Scaphosoma balcanicum Tam., eine neue Art der Gattung für die Fauna Mit- teleuropas - Acta Soc. ent. Cecoslov., 61, 1, p. 71, 1 fig.
Los I., 1964c - Scaphosoma corcyricum, sp. n., ein neuer Scaphidiide (Col.) aus Süd-Europa - Annot. Zool. Bot., Bratislava, 1, pp. 1-4, 3 figg.
LögL I., 1965 - Bemerkungen zu einigen westpalaearktischen Scaphidiiden (Coleoptera) - Acta ent. bohemoslov., 64, 2, pp. 334-339, 8 figg.
Lost I., 1967 - Neue und wenig bekannte Paläarktische Arten der Gattung Scaphosoma Leach. (Col. Scaphidiidae) - Acta ent. bohemoslov., 64, 2, pp. 105-111, 14 figg.
LögL I., 1967 - Uber die europäischen Arten der Scaphosoma agaricinum-Gruppe (Col., Sca- phidiidae) - Norsk Entomol Tidsskrift, 14, 1, pp. 33-36, 11 figg.
Lost I., 1969 - Revision der paläarktischen Arten der Gattungen Pseudobironium Pic, Scaphi- schema Reitter und Eubaeocera Cornell der Tribus Scaphisomini (Col. Scaphidiidae) - Mitteil. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., 42, 4, pp. 321-343, 30 figg.
LUNDBLAD O., 1952 - Die Schwedischen Scaphosoma-Arten - Ent. Tidskrrift, 73, 1-2, pp. 27-32, 13 figg.
PANZER G.W.F., 1793 - Faunae Insectorum Germaniae initia. Heft 12, Nürnberg, 24 col. Tav., 4 Seiten.
Pic M., 1905 - Description abrégés et notes diverses (4 articles). - Echange, 21, pp. 128-131.
Porta A., 1926 - Fauna Coleopterorum Italica. Vol. II, Staphylinoidea. Piacenza, 405 pp. (pp. 364-366).
Racusa F., 1892 - Coleotteri nuovi o poco conosciuti della Sicilia - Naturalista Siciliano, Pa- lermo, 11, pp. 164-169, 253-256.
REITTER E., 1881 - Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europäischen Coleopteren, 3 H. - Verh. zool. bot. Ges., Wien, 30, 1881 (1880), pp. 41-94.
26 L. TAMANINI
TAMANINI L., 1954 - Valore tassonomico degli organi genitali nel genere Scaphosoma e descri- zione di una nuova specie (Coleoptera, Scaphidtidae) - Boll. Soc. Ent. It.. Genova 84, pp. 85-89, 13 figg.
TAMANINI L., 1955 - Ricerche zoologiche sul Massiccio del Pollino. XIV, Coleoptera. 4° Ca- topidae, Liodidae, Scaphidiidae, Silphidae. - Annuario Ist. Museo zool. Università Napoli, VII, 11, pp. 1-19, 34 figg.
TAMANINI L., 1969 - Gli Scaphidiidae del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona e descri- zione di una nuova specie (Coleoptera). - Memorie Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Verona, 16, pp. 483- 490, 13 figg.
TAMANINI L., 1969 - Gli Scaphidiidae del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, con ap- punti sul caratteri specifici e descrizione di una nuova specie ete - Atti Soc. It.
Sc. Nat., Milano, 109, pp. 351-379, 62 figg.
TAMANINI L., 1969 - Le due tribù Scaphidini e Scaphisomini vanno considerate a rango di fa- miglie a sè stanti (Coleoptera). Memorie Soc. Ent. It., Genova, Volume Centenario: 48, pp. 129-137, 46 figg.
WINKLER A., 1924-1932 - Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis palaearcticae. Wien, pp. 1-1698.
Indirizzo dell’ Autore: Viale Trento 16, 38068 Rovereto (Trento).
27
ITALO BUCCIARELLI
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano
GIUSEPPE MEGGIOLARO, ENTOMOLOGO
La sera del 9-X-1967, dopo quasi due mesi di degenza all’ospedale, chiu- deva la sua giovane esistenza all’eta di 36 anni il carissimo amico ed entomologo Giuseppe Meggiolaro.
Nato a Venezia il 16-VII-1931, aveva cominciato ad occuparsi di ento- mologia fino dal 1947, quando assieme ad un gruppetto di comuni amici aveva dato vita al Circolo Naturalistico Veneziano, che faceva capo al Museo Civico
di Storia Naturale e che frui sempre della sua validissima collaborazione. Do- tato di viva intelligenza e di una inesauribile carica di entusiasmo si adoperava con tutte le energie alla ricerca di giovani da avviare allo studio che ci accomuna. In lui questi trovavano la massima assistenza e quegli utili indirizzi, cosi ne- cessari per un buon inizio.
Le ricerche erano la parte che più lo appassionava in questa fase della sua esistenza e si rendeva promotore di iniziative in tal senso, spıngendo anche 1 colleghi, gia avviati a studi specializzati, ad una serie di ricerche metodiche su
28 GIUSEPPE MEGGIOLARO
territori del Veneto ancora poco conosciuti dal punto di vista entomologico. Spesso contribuiva personalmente alle spese dei più giovani. A titolo esemplifi- cativo ricorderd le campagne effettuate nella Foresta del Cansiglio (Belluno), le ricerche sul Montello e nella regione limitrofa di Conegliano, quelle sul mas- siccio del Monte Grappa, i Lessini orientali, 1 Colli Berici, la Valle del Meduna in Friuli, la regione friulana compresa tra il Tagliamento e l’Isonzo, ecc., oltre a numerosissime escursioni a carattere preliminare in quasi tutte le più signifi- cative località delle Tre Venezie. Questa nutritissima serie di indagini ebbe in lui uno dei più validi protagonisti e portò alla scoperta di numerose entità inedite.
Nel frattempo aveva iniziato lo studio degli Pselafidi, famiglia di notevoli difficoltà, sia per le piccole dimensioni degli esemplari che per la caotica situa- zione sistematica di certi gruppi. Venezia era priva di una tradizione entomologica pari a quella di altri centri italiani ed il locale Museo Civico di Storia Naturale solo con l’avvento dell’attuale Direttore, Prof. Antonio Giordani-Soika, ebbe una validissima spinta in tal senso. ‘Tuttavia mancavano ampie collezioni di confronto e la ricerca bibliografica presentava talvolta difficoltà di notevole ri- lievo. Si trattava insomma di un ambiente pionieristico che richiedeva una solida passione ed una notevole intraprendenza, doti di cui l’amico Meggiolaro era ben provvisto.
La sua attività entomologica non intaccava tuttavia gli studi scolastici e dopo il liceo si iscrisse alla Facoltà di Medicina dell’Università di Padova. In questo periodo il suo spiccatissimo senso dell’ analisi si concretò in numerose pubblicazioni di carattere principalmente sistematico e molte nuove entità ven-
nero da lui descritte tra il 1956 ed il 1962.
Nel periodo successivo alla laurea ci fu un inevitabile rallentamento, in quanto dovette curare gli inizi della sua difficile professione ed il tempo libero da dedicare a studi o ricerche di carattere entomologico divenne sempre più scarso. Scelse la carriera ospedaliera, malgrado l'impegno che questa richiede, perché era entusiasta della sua professione, che esercitava con lo zelo di un mis- sionario. A questo proposito spesso mi diceva che se avesse dovuto per un mo- tivo qualsiasi rinunciare ad una delle due attività si sarebbe trovato in grave crisi spirituale.
Il 9-X-1965 si sposò e trovò nella Gentile Signora Pinuccia quella compren- sione che non tutte le mogli hanno verso un marito entomologo.
Dopo la nascita del primo figlio un periodo di relativa tranquillità nel suo lavoro gli permise di riprendere intensamente l’attività entomologica ed altri 6 lavori contrassegnarono questa nuova fase. I rapporti con Musei e specialisti tornarono ad essere intensi; la ricerca bibliografica sugli Pselafidi venne com- pletata e diede inizio a lavori di ampio respiro. La sua immatura fine ha troncato tra l’altro la revisione degli Pselafidi italiani, opera che sarebbe stata veramente preziosa e di estrema utilità. Maggiore è perciò il rammarico, perché pochissimi sono quegli specialisti che riescono a dare una revisione del gruppo di cui si sono occupati.
Durante il repentino insorgere del grave male, che doveva così drammati- camente concludere la sua esistenza, non interruppe l’attività entomologica ed approfittò della degenza all’ospedale per iniziare nuovi lavori, che purtroppo non potè completare, e per fare progetti con me ed altri amici su nuove ricerche da effettuare.
I. BUCCIARELLI 29
Io pero desidero ricordarlo sorridente come ce lo mostra la fotografia fattagli durante uno dei nostri frequenti incontri, e che rispecchia esattamente il suo carattere, allegro, generoso e, cosa importantissima, leale.
Ora di Meggiolaro rimarranno solo 1 lavori ed il ricordo, che mi auguro non venga sbiadito dal tempo, di chi come me ebbe la fortuna di conoscerlo ed apprezzarlo in tutti i suoi meriti, ed il personale rimpianto di un amico fra- terno.
* * *
Come si può notare dagli elenchi che seguono, gli studi di Meggiolaro vertono principalmente sugli Pselafidi, famiglia in cui era particolarmente spe- cializzato, e su entità ipogee e cavernicole.
Le pubblicazioni sono nella quasi totalità a carattere strettamente tassono- mico e le rare eccezioni hanno impostazione ecologica o biogeografica. Le dia- gnosi sono chiare e riccamente illustrate da disegni; delle 42 entità descritte, 37 sono tuttora valide. Delle cinque sinonimie, due furono dovute a descri- zioni contemporanee (4, 32) e la seconda era già stata supposta dallo stesso Meg- giolaro (lavoro n. 18). I cambiamenti del nome generico di cui ai numeri 31, 33, 35, 36 sono dovuti ad una posizione polemica, abbandonata solo negli ultimi tempi, contraria all’applicazione della legge di priorità e favorevole ai «nomina conservanda » nei confronti della sinonimia Bythinus Leach = Briaxis Kugelann proposta da BESUCHET nel 1958 (Mitt. schweiz. Ent. Ges., 31, pp. 65-69).
La collezione Meggiolaro consta di circa 9.000 esemplari, così suddivisi: circa 6.000 Pselafidi, 1300 Carabus, 600 cavernicoli, oltre a miscellanea varia. Essa comprende anche la mia collezione di Pselafidi, data anni fa in cambio di cavernicoli, tra cui buona parte dei tipi deitroglobi descritti da Meggiolaro, come specificato negli elenchi che seguono. La collezione Meggiolaro e la re- lativa biblioteca sono ora presso il Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, che li ha acquistati.
Elenco delle pubblicazioni di Giuseppe Meggiolaro.
L’elenco segue l’ordine di data di pubblicazione. Le note tra parentesi che seguono le voci 14 e 15 del suddetto elenco sono a correzione di alcuni errori di stampa riguardanti il numero progressivo dei contributi, secondo le modifiche fissate in litteris dallo stesso Meggiolaro.
1. - 1956. Contributi allo studio del genere Orotrechus (Coleopt. Trechidae) delle Prealpi venete. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 9, pp. 131-140, 17 figg., 1 piantina.
2 - 1958. Su alcuni Carabidi delle Venezie. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 11, pp. 117-130, 3 figg.
3 - 1958. I Pselaphidi (Coleoptera) della laguna di Venezia. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 11, pp. 131-186, 3 er, fiuggi, 2 taw.
4 - 1960. Un nuovo genere di Pselaphidae italiano (IV Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleot- teri Pselafidi). Boll. Soc. Ent. It., Genova, 90, pp. 59-62, 1 figg.
5 - 1960. Un nuovo Pselaphidae delle Prealpi friulane (V Contributo alla conoscenza dei Co- leotteri Pselafidi). Boll. Soc. Ent. It., 90, pp. 65-67, 3 figg.
6 - 1960. Descrizione di una nuova Brachygluta del Marocco (II Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Att: Soc. It. Sc. Nat. e Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Milano, 99, pp. 95-197, 1 fig.
30
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
1960.
1960.
1960.
1960.
1960.
1960.
1961.
1961.
1961.
1961.
1964.
1964.
1964.
1966.
1966.
1966.
1966.
1966.
1969.
GIUSEPPE MEGGIOLARO
Descrizione di due nuovi Bythinini europei (III Contributo alla conoscenza dei Co- leotteri Pselafidi). Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. e Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Milano, 99, pp. 204-208, 2 figg.
Ricerche Coleotterologiche sul litorale ionico della Puglia, Lucania e Calabria. Cam- pagne 1956-1957-1958. IV. - Coleoptera Pselaphidae (VI Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Boll. Soc. Ent. It., Genova, 90, pp. 80-94, 4 figg.
Descrizione di un nuovo Tmesiphorus della Somalia (VII Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. e Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Milano, 99, pp. 296-300, 4 figg.
Una nuova Oreonebria delle Prealpi Venete (Coleoptera Carabidae). Boll. Soc. Ent. It., Genova, 90, pp. 164-167, 6 figg.
Missione 1957 del Prof. Giuseppe Scortecci in Migiurtinia (Somalia sett.). Coleoptera Pselaphidae (IX Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. e Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Milano, 99, pp. 335-338, 3 figg.
Descrizione di due nuovi Pselaphidae del Sudan (X Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. e Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Milano, 99, pp. 339-343, 2 ‘figg.
L’Orotrechus longicornis Motch. e le sue razze (con descrizione di due nuove sotto- specie, Col. Carab.). Ent. Arb. Mus. G. Frey, Tutzing, 6, pp. 161-173, 20 figg.
Descrizione di un nuovo Pselaphidae della Persia. XII contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 14, pp. 53-56, 1 fig. (Si tratta in realtà dell'XI Contributo.)
Beschreibung eines neuen Bibloplectus aus Jugoslawien. (10. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Koleopterenfamilie Pselaphidae). Fragmenta Balcanıca, Mus. Mac. Sc. Nat., Skopje, III, n. 25 (84), pp. 197-200, 3 figg.
(Si tratta dell’VIII Contributo.)
Descrizione di due nuovi Orotrechus delle Prealpi Venete. St. Trent. Sc. Nat., Trento
38, pp. 47-56, 4 figg.
Osservazioni su alcuni Bythinini nuovi o poco noti. XII Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 15, 1964 (1962), pp. 65-82, 3 figg.
Descrizione di due nuovi Carabidae (Coleoptera) delle Venezie. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 15, 1964 (1962), pp. 111-115, 1 fig.
Descrizione del primo Anophtalmus raccolto sulle prealpi friulane ad Ovest del Tagliamento. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Venezia, 15, 1964 (1962), pp. 117-124, 7 figg.
Descrizione di un nuovo Pholeuonius delle Prealpi Friulane (Coleoptera, Catopidae). Boll. Soc. ent. It., Genova, 96, pp. 69-72, 6 figg.
Descrizione di un nuovo Lathrobium del Veneto. (Coleoptera Staphylinidae). Boll. Soc. Ent. It., Genova 96, pp. 96-98, 1 fig.
Su alcuni Pselafidi delle regioni mediterranee orientali (XIV Contributo alla cono- scenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Fragm. Ent., Ist. Naz. Ent., Roma, 4, pp. 91-98, 4 figg.
Descrizione di alcuni nuovi Pselaphidae paleartici e note sinonimiche (XIII Contri- buto alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Boll. Soc. Ent. It., Genova, 96, pp. 150-161, 18 figg.
Su alcuni Euplectini paleartici (XV Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Boll. Soe. Ent. It., Genova, 96, pp. 163-168, 4 figg.
Studi sugli Pselaphidae dell’Appennino centro-meridionale (XVI contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleotteri Pselafidi). Fragm. Ent., Roma, 5, pp. 133-151, 4 figg.
I. BUCCIARELLI 31
Elenco delle entità descritte da Meggiolaro e loro attuale ‘status’ tassonomico.
Le entità descritte da Meggiolaro sono complessivamente 42, così suddi- vise: 12 Carabidi, 1 Catopide, 1 Stafilinide, 28 Pselafidi. Il numero tra parentesi, che segue il nome latino, fa riferimento al lavoro in cui è comparsa la descri- zione originale, secondo la numerazione progressiva dell’elenco bibliografico; viene indicata inoltre la collezione in cui è conservato l’olotipo. Ricordo ancora che la collezione Meggiolaro ora fa parte delle raccolte entomologiche del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano.
Purebidae: 1 Carabus creutzeri ssp. rinaldot (2); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meg- giolaro.
2 Oreonebria castanea ssp. lanceolata, (10); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
3 Orotrechus pavionis, (16); Museum Frey, "Tutzing.
4 Orotrechus galvagnii ssp. pretneri, (1) = Orotrechus giordanii ssp. montellensis Agazzi (descrizione contemporanea) = Orotrechus montellensis Agazzi; coll. Bucciarelli. |
Orotrechus winkleri, (2); coll. Pretner.
Orotrechus longicornis ssp. rudnicaensis, (13); Museum Frey, "Tutzing. Orotrechus longicornis ssp. tarcentinus, (13); coll. Bucciarelli. Orotrechus longicornis ssp. inferior, (19); coll. Bucciarelli.
Orotrechus gracilis, (15); coll. Bucciarelli.
Anophtalmus tribilensis, (2); coll. Bucciarelli.
Anophtalmus charon, (17); i tipi ed i paratipi che avrebbero dovuto essere nella collezione Meggiolaro, non sono stati trovati; la presenza di uno spillo recante un cartellino portainsetti vuoto e l’indicazione « An. charon », fa pensare che gli esemplari siano andati incidentalmente distrutti. Rimangono perciò solo i due paratipi della coll. De Martin.
12 Antisphodrus schreibersi ssp. dolomitanus, (19); coll. Bucciarelli.
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Palopidae 13 Pholeuonidius orientalis, (20); coll. Bucciarellı.
Staphylinidae 14 Lathrobium (Glyptomerus) ubaldoi, (21); coll. Bucciarelli.
Pselaphidae:
15 Scotoplectus capellae ssp. friulanus, (23); coll. Meggiolaro, irreperibile.
16 Euplectus lucanus, (23); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro. 17 Euplectus jonicus, (24); Museo di Storia Naturale di Budapest.
18 Euplectus jonicus ssp. corcyreus, (24); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro. 19 Euplectus campanus, (24); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
372. GIUSEPPE MEGGIOLARO
20 Afroplectus schatzmayri, (12); gia Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano. (Smarrito dall’autore).
21 Bibloporus bicolor ssp. meridionalis, (24); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano.
22 Bibloporus croaticus (15) = pusillus Denny (BESUCHET C. - Psélaphides pa- léarctiques. Espéces nouvelles et notes synonymiques. III. Rev. Suisse de Zool., 76, 1969, pp. 410-411.); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meg- giolaro.
23 Paramaurops burlini, (23); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
24 Paramaurops dentibasis ssp. bucciarellii, (23); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
25 Tribatus cerrutit, (22); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
26 Brachygluta maroccana, (6) = Brachygluta haemoptera Aubé (BESUCHET C. - Contribution à l’étude des Pselaphides du Maroc. Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 34, 1961, p. 359); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano.
27 Brachygluta giordanti, (14); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Venezia.
28 Brachygluta furcata ssp. turcica, (23); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
29 Trissemus fontiger ssp. halfensis, (12) = Trissemus niloticus Motsch. (BEsu- CHET C. - Psélaphides paléarctiques. Espéces nouvelles et notes synonimiques. II. Rev. Suisse Zool., 71, 1964, p. 439.); gia Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano. (Smarrito dall’autore).
30 Bythinus parvipenis, (22); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
31 Arcophagus brelihi, (7) = Briaxıs ursus ssp. brelihi (Acazzı G. - Contributo alla conoscenza di alcuni Briaxis Kugelann del subg. Erichobythus Karaman e descrizione di due nuove entita. Atti Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Trieste, XXIV, pp. 153-180, 1964); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
32 Arcopagus rugosicollis ssp. moltonii, (7) = Briaxis rugosicollis ssp. uckae Kar. (Acazzı G., 1964, l.c.); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano.
33 Arcopagus rugosicollis ssp. montellensis, (18) = Briaxis rugosicollis ssp. mon- tellensis (Acazzı G., 1964, l.c.); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meg-
giolaro.
34 Briaxis rugosicollis ssp. diversipenis, (23); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
35 Arcopagus cadamuroi, (18) = Briaxis cadamuroi; Museo Civ. St. Nat. Mi- lano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
36 Arcopagus perissinottoi, (5) = Briaxis perissinottot; Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meggiolaro.
37 Briaxis meskischesianus, (23); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano, ex coll. Meg- giolaro.
38 Tychus henroti, (22); coll. Cerruti.
39 Tychus sbordonii, (25); coll. Meggiolaro, irreperibile. 40 Camaldus scorteccii, (11); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano. 41 Tmesiphorus etlensis, (9); Museo Civ. St. Nat. Milano.
42 Vi è inoltre la creazione di un nuovo genere, Bythinopsidius, (4), proposto per il Bythinus pentagonoceras Stolz.
99
Baccıo BACCETTI
SIR BORIS PETROVITCH UVAROY 1888-1970
Il 18 marzo 1970 è morto a Londra, nel sonno e dopo una operosa giornata di lavoro, B.P. Uvarov, una delle più eminenti figure di entomologo cul nostro tempo. Aveva 82 anni e può venire considerato uno scienziato ed un organizza- tore di statura del tutto eccezionale. La sua perdita colpisce la biologia mon-
diale, ed interessa da vicino quella del nostro paese, con il quale lo Scomparso aveva sempre mantenuto strettissimi rapporti di collaborazione.
Uvarov nacque nel 1888 ad Uralk, in Russia. Si laureò in biologia all’ Uni- versità di St. Petersburg nel 1910, e nel 1915 divenne direttore della Sezione per la protezione delle piante di ‘Tiflis, fino a essere nominato, nel 1919, lettore di Entomologia al Museo e Istituto di Zoologia statale della Georgia. In questo periodo incominciò a lavorare intorno al problema della teoria delle fasi negli
34 B. P. UVAROV
Ortotteri studiando la sistematica del genere Locusta. Ma il suo famoso primo lavoro al riguardo vide la luce nel 1921, dopo che egli nel 1920 aveva abbando- nato la Russia trasferendosi a Londra ove lavorò, dal 1920 al 1945, presso l’Im- perial Bureau of Entomology. Questi venticinque anni di attività vennero dal Nostro dedicati sia a problemi di sistematica e biologia degli Ortotteri sia alla organizzazione della lotta anticridica in tutto il mondo su base biologica, realiz- zando una lunga serie di conferenze internazionali svolte negli anni trenta. Nel 1945 si ebbe a Londra la creazione del famoso « Anti Locust Research Centre » di cui Uvarov fu il primo Direttore restando in carica fino al 1959, ma rimanen- dovi fino ad oggi come consulente. Questo centro si dimostrò subito un modello di organizzazione internazionale e di documentazione bibliografica, ed è stato un punto di riferimento fisso nelle ricerche ortotterologiche condotte in tutti i paesi del mondo.
Boris Uvarov lascia più di 400 pubblicazioni fra cui un paio di trattati veramente fondamentali: « Locust and Grasshoppers » pubblicato nel 1928, e « Grasshoppers and Locusts », di cui il primo volume uscì nel 1966 ed il secondo era, alla sua morte, quasi ultimato. Come sistematico di Ortotteri Uvarov era senz'altro la massima autorità mondiale: pottano il suo nome circa 900 nuove specie e 218 nuovi generi. Il suo lavoro « Insect and climate » pubblicato nel 1931 fu la base della ecologia entomologica nascente ed indirizzò tutta la succes- siva metodologia dello studio delle migrazioni. Con la sua semisecolare attività in campo pratico fornì le basi per la più moderna entomologia agraria, impostandola su concetti biologici e sistematici. Con la sua teoria delle fasi ha fornito alla biologia generale un capitolo nuovo valido per tutti gli esseri viventi. Con la sua perseveranza nel promuovere incontri internazionali, nell’ospitare ricer- catori stranieri, nel visitare i laboratori altrui ha fatto fare enormi passi avanti alla ricerca di paesi fortemente arretrati, ed ha coordinato importanti settori di quella di tutto il mondo. Che ora perde, con lui, una figura indimenticabile di scienziato appassionato e modesto, coltissimo e gentilissimo, grande lavoratore e grande coordinatore, amato e venerato da tutti quelli che hanno avuto l’onore di conoscerlo, Russi e Americani, Inglesi e Cinesi. Il prossimo 6 luglio sa- rebbe stata la sua Grande Festa: Nell’occasione del 25° unniversario della fon- dazione dell’Anti Locust Research Centre i suoi amici di tutto il mondo erano pronti ad accorrere a Londra attorno a lui, per dare vita ad un eccezionale Con- gresso Internazionale di Acridologia organizzato secondo i suoi intendimenti. Il programma dovrà subire una modifica inedita: ci sarà il necrologio del prin- cipale organizzatore.
35
ZDENEK BOUCEK
CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF ITALIAN CHALCI- DOIDEA, BASED MAINLY ON A STUDY AT THE INSTITUTE OF ENTOMOLOGY IN TURIN, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW EUROPEAN SPECIES (*)
(Hymenoptera)
Studi del Gruppo di lavoro del C.N.R. per la Lotta integrata contro i nemici animali delle piante: XLI.
The present paper is a result mainly of a study of the collections of the « Istituto di Entomologia » of the University in Turin, Italy, and of the « Centro di Entomologia alpina e forestale del C.N.R. », both headed by Professor Athos Goidanich. ‘The collections of the institute contain some rather interesting ma- terial, mostly reared from various hosts over a period of about 30 years (cf. also Domenichini, 1967).
_ Whilst enjoying my stay in Turin in the autumn 1969 I was enabled also to collect some fresh material of Chalcid flies in northern Italy. Some of the results of the collecting are included in this paper. Another source of information has been my recent study of some types, as mentioned in more detail under the in- dividual species, along with the discovery of several new species described here- with, some of which come from some other European countries.
The following species are described as new to science: Eurytomidae: Eury- toma goidanichi from Italy, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and the Moldavian S.S.R.; Pteromalidae: Rhicnocoelia grahami from Czechoslovakia, Gotdanichium atrum (n. gen. n. sp.) from Italy and Turkey, Norbanus tenuicornis from Italy, Homoporus rosae from Bulgaria, Capellia stigma from the European U.S.S.R., Callitula angio- neurae from Sweden and Czechoslovakia, Eupteromalus arzoneae from Italy and Czechoslovakia; Eupelmidae: Eupelmus renominatus (nomen novum) from Austra- lia. The taxonomic or nomenclatorial contributions, including new synonymy, may be found under Monodontomerus obscurus Westw., M. vicicellae (Walk.), Aphasgonophora bidens (Frst.), Sphegigaster pallicornis (Spin.), Halticoptera flavicornis (Spin.), Sphaeripalpus laevis (Del.), Catolaccus crassiceps (Masi), Homoporus semiluteus (Walk.), Pteromalus venustus Walk., Trichomalus acuminatus Del. & Grah., Stenoceroides walkeri (Curt.), Anastatus bifasciatus (Fourcroy), A. oscari (Ruthe), A. sidereus (Erd.), Calymmochilus subnubilus (Walk.), Eupelmus annulatus (Nees), E. fuscipennis Frst., E. linearis Frst., E. testaceiventris (Motsch.), Macroneura muellneri (Rusch.), Cerapterocerus mirabilis Westw., Euplectrus al- biventris (Fonsc.), Eulophus larvarum (Lin.), E. ramicornis (Fab.), Pediobius waterstonit (Masi), Chrysocharis melaenis (Walk.), C. nephereus (Walk.), C. pur- purea Buk., etc.
(*) Pubblicazione N. 151 del Centro di Entomologia alpina e forestale del Consiglio Na- zionale delle Ricerche (diretto dal Prof. Athos Goidanich).
36 Z. BOUCEK
The taxonomic or nomenclatorial changes are discussed or reasor.ed only where necessary. Otherwise with each species there is also given, apart from the valid name and the most important synonyms and references, short cha- racteristics of its biology and geographical distribution. Among the references are mentioned particularly those containing the most complete data or faunistic records concerning the Italian fauna. The new faunistic records are arranged according to the Italian provinces (the names of which, as well as local names, including the towns, are given in Italian), in general from the north to the south. Records from other countries are always prefaced by the name of such a country. The genera are arranged systematically but the species within one genus al- phabetically. The paper contains notes on 303 species (belonging to 13 families of the Chalcidoidea) of which 298 belong to the Italian fauna (nearly one-third of them have not been recorded from Italy before).
It is my pleasant duty to express my thanks in particular to Professor Dr. A. Goidanich, who generously facilitated my studies in Italy and encouraged them all the time. Thanks are due also to his collaborators, in particular to Dr. A. Arzone, Dr. A. Sampo, Dr. I. Currado, and Dr. M. Olmi; to Professor G. Do- menichini of Istituto di Entomologia Agraria in Piacenza, to my colleagues in the relevant institutes and museums in Genoa (Italy), Moscow and Leningrad (U.S.S.R.), in London, Oxford, Paris and Geneva, and, last but not least to the National Museum in Prague (Czechoslovakia) for the kind consent to do this work.
ToRYMIDAE
Torymus azureus Boheman, 1834 (K. sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., 54: 369; Graham, 1969, Proc, Rent. Soc. Land, :B,. 382 62:03):
Aosta: Ayas-St. Jacques, 17.111.1965, ex Kaltenbachiola strobi Winn. in cones of Picea excelsa, Goidanich.
Parasite of Cecidomyiidae (Dipt.) in spruce cones. Distributed mainly in northern and central Europe, in the south only in the mountains. Earlier confounded with Torymus caudatus Boh.
Torymus brachyurus Boheman, 1834 (K. sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., 54: 354; Mayr, 1874, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 24: 129; Callimome brachyurum, Hoffmeyer, 1930, Ent. Medd., 17: 239).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea, Valle del Torrente Negrone (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. A very local and rare species, recorded so far only from Sweden.
Diomorus cupreus (Spinola, 1808) (Diplolepis cuprea, Ins. Ligur., 1: 212; Diomorus kol- lari Foerster, 1859, Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., 16: 102; Diomorus cupreus, Steffan, 1952. Bull. Mus. Hist. nat., s. 2, 24: 293).
Piemonte: San Gillio near Torino, ex hollow twig of Sambucus nigra coll. 4.11.1968, Goi- danich.
Parasite of various Aculeata, e.g. of bees of the genus Osmia and of Sphe- cidae nesting in reed stems, in bramble twigs, more rarely in stems, stalks or twigs of other plants. Southern and central Europe, to the east as far as Central Asia. In Italy recorded by Masi, 1919 (Ann. Mus. civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 132) as D. kolları.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA DE
Monodontomerus aereus Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 158; Hoffmeyer, 1930, Ent. Med., =: 257; Steffan, 1952, Bull: Mus, Hist: nat... S.. 2.242269).
Piemonte: Val Chisone, Sestriere, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Mirafiori near Torino, 16.V.1968, ex nest of Euproctis chrysorrhoea L., Currado.
Parasite in pupae of many Lepidoptera, more rarely in cocoons of some Diprionid sawflies; primary or secondary. Secondary parasite via ‘Tachinidae, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Chalcididae, Pteromalidae, etc. Widely distributed in the Palaearctic region and in North America; locally common.
Monodontomerus obscurus Westwood, 1833 (Philos. Mag., s. 3, 2: 443; Gahan, 1941, moc, U.S. N.:Mus., 904708472 Stefan, 1952, Bun: Mus! Hits 092,247 269, 290)
Piemonte: Collegno near Torino, ex Eumenes pomiformis F., Goidanich (det. already by Masi as M. obscurus); Lazio: Roma district, 3.VIII.1952, ex nest of Chalicodoma sp., Goidanich; Roma district, ex nest of Sceliphron :destillatorium Ill., mat. coll. 20.IX.1952, Goidanich; Sar- Gegna: Muravera, VI.1953, L. Ceresa.
Gahan, 1941, Steffan, 1952 and Peck, 1969 (Canad. Ent., 101: 419) record various solitary bees of the genera Osmia and Megachile as hosts, but Steffan mentions also two aberrant specimens reared allegedly from an egg-mass of Empusa sp. (Mantid) and from a pupa of Odontomyia viridula F. (Syrphidae, Dipt.) respectively. The latter two host records sound rather doubtfull, however. M. obscurus is widely distributed in warmer parts of the Holarctic.
This seems to be a fairly variable species the variation of which has been discussed already several times, viz. by Mayr, 1874, Masi, 1937, Steffan, 1952, and by Boucek, 1954 (Acta Soc. ent. cechoslov. 51: 63-66), although probably not always concerning the species in its present concept. After Steffan’s excellent paper there is no more much doubt as to separation of M. obscurus from M. obsoletus. All the same, however, some specimens of M. obscurus deviate rather strongly from the average and common slender form. In the present Italian material particularly the specimens reared from Sceliphron are more sturdy and for some time I suspected them to belong to a different species but I cannot find any persuasive gap in the variation of the individual characters. I examined carefully all specimens now at my disposal but do not feel satisfied so far as to regard them as two different species. The following notes concern only females as there are only few males among the material and no reliable differences could be found in them.
I find the relative length of the thorax as most variable. The following figures give the ratio between the length measured from the anterior margin of the pronotal collar to the apical margin of the scutellum and the width of the mesoscutum; e.g. 1.5 means that the said length is 1.5 times greater than width of mesoscutum.
Specimens obtained from Chalicodoma (recorded above) are most slender of all, but there are only 3 females at my disposal. ‘The relative figures for them are 1.76, 1.83 and 1.86. Specimens reared from Eumenes include 10 females with the said figures ranging from 1.69 down to 1.56, with the average being 1.64. As there are further (non-Italian) specimens without definite host data and these specimens cover the gap between 1.76 and 1.69, all the above mentioned specimens are considered clearly conspecific and I identify them invariably as M. obscurus. According to my notes on the types of that species they agree with them.
There are, however, also 10 more females reared from Sceliphron. In these the mentioned figures range between 1.53 and 1.38, with the average being 1.47.
38 Z. BOUCEK
The gap between 1.53 (the slenderest female from Sceliphron) and 1.56 (the sturdiest female from Eumenes) is not persuasive enough, but is not covered by intermediate specimens and in each lot the extreme specimens seem to be rare. All these specimens are relatively small, on the average 3.3 mm. in length, rang- ing from 3.1 to 3.4 mm. only. They are relatively darker-coloured, more greenish but not bluish as in M. obsoletus. Not only the thorax is more sturdy in them, but also the funicle is shorter, its segments are more obviously transverse and the stigmal vein usually is slightly more strongly curved and thickened, unfor- tunately not to an extent that would yield definite results by measuring. The variation seems to suggest the existence of a speciation process.
The mentioned forms agree in all other characters well with M. obscurus and not at all with M. obsoletus (Fab.). The latter really is a distinct species, _ although misunderstood by some authors in the past. In M. obsoletus many parts of the body are much smoother and slightly differently shaped (cf. Steffan, 1952, where, however, the differences in the form of the head seem to be a little exagerated), scutellar frenum usually is wholly polished, but sometimes has dis- tinct longitudinal striae laterally, but never medially. On the other hand M. obsoletus seems to be very similar to M. obscurus in the host selection, at least according to the known data.
Monodontomerus obsoletus (Fabricius, 1798) (Ichneumon o., Suppl. Ent. Syst., p. 230; Monodontomerus o., Steffan, 1952, Bull. Mus. Hist. nat., s. 2, 24: 289, 291).
Aosta: Quart, 13.1X.1969, at nests of solitary bees, Sampo.
For the first really good key to the European Monodontomerus was pu- blished only recently (Steffan, 1952; not taking in account the fairly good key by Mayr, 1874, because of its deficient nomenclature) earlier identifications do not always concern this species.
According to Steffan various solitary wasps and solitary bees are known as hosts of M. obsoletus, namely those belonging to the genera Polistes, Eumenes, Odynerus (s. lat.) and in particular various Apidae of the genus Osmia, then Chalicodoma muraria Latr. and its cuckoo-bee Stelis nasuta Latr. In Bohemia only Chalicodoma was ascertained as host by the present author and this parasite seemed to be responsible for temporary and local extinction of the colonies of he bee.
Distributed over southern and central Europe. The type material of Fa- bricius came from Italy.
Monodontomerus vicicellae (Walker, 1847) (Torymus Vicicellae, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., 19: 227; Monodontomerus viciellae, Steffan, 1952, Bull. Mus. Hist. nat., s. 2, 24: 290, 292).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Dora Baltea near the bridge of the « auto-
strada » (Rondissone), 30.VI.1955, ex pupa of Zygaena carniolica Scop. on stem of Artemisia, Goidanich.
Mainly parasite in lepidopterous pupae of the genus Zygaena and of some Psychidae, but reared also from the Cimbicid sawfly Trichiosoma lucorum L. (var. betuleti) in Germany (Mayr, 1874, sub Monod. obsoletus) and from Tri- chiosoma sp. in Bohemia (Bouéek, 1954). Recently I saw also some specimens reared from the Ichneumonid Spilocryptus adustus Grav. in cocoon of the sawfly Diprion pini L. coming from Fontainebleau, France. Widely distributed in Europe.
Steffan, 1952, gives Foerster as the author of the species name spelt there viciellae. Unfortunately this is not right, because Foerster never described it, The first description of this species. was published by Walker, 1847 (p. 227).
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 39
who spelt the name as Torymus Vicicellae and gave Kollar as the author of the name (neither did Kollar describe the species!). Although he probably misspelt the name, his original spelling accompanied by a short description of the species must be regarded as valid, even if he, at the same time, put it with a query in synonymy with Monod. dentipes. The first really good description may be found in the mentioned key by Steffan, 1952. The name Monod. Viciellae (sic!) ap- peared first in Mayr, 1874 (p. 73), when he mentioned a specimen named so by Foerster. Probably from there Steffan took Foerster as the author of the name. More recently, helped by Dr. Graham, I found the type male of M. wi- cicellae in the Hope collection in Oxford (University Museum) and designated it lectotype. It agrees with Steffan’s concept of the species.
Glyphomerus stigma (Fabricius, 1793) (Ichneumon s., Entom. Syst., 2: 188; Oligosthenus stigma, Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 128; Ruschka, 1923, Z. angew. Ent., 9: 398; Glyphomerus s., Nikolskaya, 1952, p. 142).
Piemonte: Nizza Monferrato, 18.IX.1969, Currado.
Common parasite in galls of Diplolepis rosae L. and D. mayri Schl. on Rosa spp. Widely distributed in western Palaearctis and in North America.
Exopristus trigonomerus (Masi, 1916) (Cryptopristus t., Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Ge- nova, 47: 74-75; Exopristus t., Ruschka, 1923, Z. angew. Ent., 9: 200).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouëek; Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.1X.1969, Bouéek; Toscana: Borselli near Pelago (Firenze), 4.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Distributed widely in southern Europe and North Africa. Host not known.
Megastigmus aculeatus (Swederus, 1795) (Pteromalus a., K. sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., 16: 221; Megastigmus a., Hoffmeyer, 1931, Ent. Medd., 17: 265).
Piemonte: Reaglie near Torino, 17.X.1956, ex seeds of Rosa sp., Goidanich; Sant’Anna di Valdieri (Cuneo), 18.V.1964, ex seeds of Rosa canina, Goidanich.
Phytophagous in seeds of Rosa spp. Widely distributed in the Palaearctic region.
Megastigmus bipunctatus (Swederus, 1795) (Pteromalus b., K. sven. Vet. Akad. Handl.,
16: 205: Megastigmus b., Hoffmeyer, 1931, Ent. Medd., 17: 264; M. kuntzei Kapuscinski, 1946,
Trav. Inst. pol. Rech. forest. Crakow, 47: 1-129, 1-12; M. bipunctatus, Vikberg, 1966, Ann. ent. fenn... 32: 309-313).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea, Valle del Torrente Negrone (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969 on Juniperus communis, Bouéek.
Phytophagous in seeds of Juniperus communis L. and probably of some other Juniperus species. All Europe; in Italy recorded already by Masi, 1919 (Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 128), along with the preceding species.
LEUCOS PYDOTD AE
Leucospis dorsigera Fabricius, 1775 (Syst. Ent., p. 361; Schletterer, 1890, Berlin. ent. Z. p. 165, 169, 185; Bouéek, 1959, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 33: 436, 438).
Piemonte: near Carmagnola, 13.IX.1955, Goidanich; Torino, 18.V11.1939, 24.VI.1949, 21.VI.1967, ex Osmia sp. in stem of Arundo donax, 7.V11.1967, ex Osmia bicornis L., Goidanich; Moncalieri, 2.1X.1937, Festa; Savigliano (Cuneo), 27.VII.1955, Goidanich; Liguria: Manie near Noli (Savona), 15.VII.1967, ex Osmia or Megachile cocoon in stem of Arundo donax, Goidanich.
Known as parasite of solitary bees of the genera Anthidium and Osmia. Widely distributed in southern parts of the Palaearctic.
40 Tia BOUCEK
Leucospis gigas Fabricius, 1793 (Ent. Syst., 2: 245; Schletterer, 1890, Berlin. ent. Z., p. 167, 169, 203; Boutek, 1959, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 33: 438, 442-443).
Lazio: Roma, 5.VI.1943, ex Chalicodoma sp., Goidanich; Canino (Viterbo), 15.VI.1965,
ex Chalicodoma muraria, Goidanich.
Parasite of solitary bees of genera Megachile, Chalicodoma, Osmia and Anthophora. Mediterranean subregion, from Spain and North Africa to Central Asia; on the European continent parthenogenetic (only females).
HALCOCLDMIDAE
Belaspida obscura Masi, 1916 (Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 47: 101-104; B. nıgra Masi, 1927, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 59: 82-83; Bouéek, 1952, p. 37-39).
Liguria: Borgio Verezzi, V11.1921, F. Invrea.
Parasite of Psychidae (Lep.), mainly of Apterona crenulella Brd. Mediter- ranean subregion, to the east as far as T'adzhikistan.
Neochalcis fertoni (Kieffer, 1899) (Euchalcis fertoni, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr., 68: 371; Euchalcis barbara Benoist, 1921, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., p. 118-120; Neochalcis f., Bausch, 1952, p. 43-44; Neochalcis barbara, Steffan, 1933, Cahiers Natur... 8; 36).
Liguria: Manie near Noli (Savona), ex nest of an aculeate Hymenopteron in Rubus twig,
coll. 15.VII.1967, Goidanich.
Parasite of aculeate Hymenoptera nesting in bramble twigs, in dry stems of Umbelliferae, etc. Widely distributed in the Mediterranean subregion, but not common.
Chirocera pectinicornis (Latreille, 1809) (Chalcis p., Gen. Crust. Ins., 4: 26; Hippota p., Masi, 1916, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 47: 96-97; Bouéek, 1952, p. 47-48).
Sardegna: Plonghe, 4.VI.1949, Servadei.
Host not yet known. Distributed in coastal parts of the Mediterranean countries.
Aphasganophora bidens (FoERSTER, 1855), new combination! (Haltichella bidens, Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl. Westph., 12: 239-241; Phasganophora conica, Sichel, 1865, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr., 5: 372-376; Chalcis gallica E. André, 1881, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr., p. 333-334, pl. IX, new synonymy!; Neophasganophora g., Masi 1942, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 74: 81-85; Bouéek, 1952, p. 49-50; Aphasganophora gallica, Nikolskaya, 1952, Chalcidy Fauny SSSR, p. 94).
I have not seen any fresh Italian material (recorded in Italy by Masi, 1942, p. 84) but have discovered recently the type of H. bidens Frst. in the Bu- dapest Museum. It should have been there as already Foerster mentioned it being in the Frivaldszky collection. As I presumed (Bouéek, 1952, p. 49) it proved to be the same as A. gallica (André). The type of bidens is a male partly dammaged by Anthrenus, but still safely recognizable.
Hockeria bifasciata Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 35; Bouéek, 1952, p. 70-71). Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite in pupae of some Lepidoptera, e.g. of the genera Fumea, Prays. Mediterranean cubregion.
Hockeria hockerioides (Bouéek, 1952) (Neochalcis h., p. 45-47).
Toscana: Sesto Fiorentino, 26.1X.1948, M. Consani; Puglia: Vieste, Monte Gargano, 11.VII.1966, Bouéek.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 4]
Host unknown. Locel and little known (to me known from Czecho slovekie, S. Russia, Bulgeria, Greece and Italy: Bolzano), but probably widely distributed in the Mediterranean cubregion.
Hockeria magna Bouëek, 1952 (l.c., p. 64-66). Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Hosts not yet known. Loc:l, but distributed from southern Europe to northern Chine.
Hockeria unicolor Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 37; Bouéek, 1952, p. 68-69).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Casale, 21.VIII.1950, ex bark along with buprestid Melanophila picta Pall, Goidanich; Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Bouéek.
Known as parasite in pupae of some moths, e.g. of the genera Evetria, Laspeyresia, Polychrosis. Nearly the whole of Europe, to the east to Central Asia.
Euchalcidia nigripes (B. de Fonscolombe, 1832) (Chalcis n., Ann. Sci. nat., 26: 280; Euchalcidia n., Bouëek, 1952, p. 87-88). Aosta: Quart, 13.1X.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite in pupae of some moths, e.g. of the genera Recurvarıa, Acrolepta. Southern Europe, to the east to Central Asia.
Dirhinus hesperidum (Rossi, 1790) (Chrysis h., Fauna Etrusca, 2: 78, 100; Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 143-145; Bougéek, 1952, p. 35-36).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite in puparia of synanthropic flies of the genera Musca, Sarcophaga, etc. Southern countries of the Palaearctic region, including Japan.
Brachymeria intermedia (Nees, 1834) (Chalcis 1., Hym. Ichneum. affin. Monogr., 2: 29; Ruschka, 1922, Konowia, 1: 225; Brachymeria i., Masi, 1951, EOS, t. extr., p. 44-45; Bouéek, 1952, p. 22-23).
Piemonte: Val Chisone, Fenestrelle, 20.V.1954, ex unidentified pupa, Goidanich; Brusasco (Torino), 10.VI.1965, Goidanich; Sardegna: Villanova Monteleone (Sassari), 26.VI.1951, Goi- danich.
Parasitic in pupae of various Lepidoptera, including many pests. Widely distributed in the Palaearctic region; introduced also to North America.
Brachymeria rugulosa (Foerster, 1859) (Chalcis r., Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., 16: 96; Ruschka, 1922, Konowia, 1: 226-227; Brachymeria rugulosa and B. pseudorugulosa Masi, 1951, EOS, t. extr., p. 47; Bouéek, 1952, p. 23-24).
Piemonte: Garessio, VIII.1924, F. Invrea. Liguria: Varazze, VII.1917, Invrea; Pegli near Genova, VIII.1918, Invrea.
Parasite in medium-size pupae of some moths, e.g. of Tortricidae and Coleophoridae. Central and southern Europe.
Brachymeria secundaria (Ruschka, 1922) (Chalcis s., Konowia, 1: 227-228; Brachy- meria tauriensis Masi, 1929, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 41: 26-28; B. secundaria, Masi, 1951, EOS, t. extr., p. 46; Bouéek, 1952, p. 24).
Marche: Castelsantangelo (Macerata), 12.VII.1954, ex cocoon of an Ichneumonid, Goidanich; Liguria: Varazze, IX.1919, Invrea.
Secondary parasite of some Lepidoptera and probably also in cocoons of some sawflies, through Ichneumonidae and Braconidae (Hym.). Local, but widely distributed in southern countries of the Palaearctic region.
42 Z. BOUCEK
Chalcis sispes (Linnaeus, 1761) (Sphex s., Fauna Suec. ed. 2, p. 413; Smicra s., Ruschka, 1920, Z. wiss. Insbiol. 15, N. Beitr. syst. Inskunde, 1: 146; Chalcis s., Bouéek, 1952, Pron:
Piemonte: near Vercelli, 9.VI.1949, ex Odontomyia ornata Meig. in rice fields, Goidanich.
Parasite of larvae of Stratiomyidae (Dipt.), therefore occurring mainly in marshy habitats. Local, but widely distributed in the Palaearctic region.
ha RY T O-M LD AE
Eudecatoma biguttata (Swederus, 1795) (Pteromalus b., K.sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., 16: 216-217; Decatoma b., Mayr, 1905, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 55: 541-546; Eudecatoma b., Claridge; 1959, Trans Soc Brit. Ent, 13: 154-157).
Marche: Ussita (Macerata), 1.1V.1946, ex Neuroterus glandiformis Gir., Goidanich; Puglie: Castellana Grotte (Bari), 26.1X.1955, ex gall of Cynips mediterranea Trott. on oak, Goidanich.
Parasite in Cynipid galls on Quercus. Europe and western Siberia, mostly common.
Eudecatoma mellea (Curtis, 1831) (Decatoma m., Brit. Ent., 13: 345; D. amsterdamensis, Gahan, 1933, U.S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Publ., 174: 38-41; Eudecatoma m., Claridge, 1959, Trans. Soc. Brit: “Ent... 1321602762).
Aosta: Quart, 13.I1X.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: Valle della Dora Riparia, 8.VI.1955, ex stem of Calamagrostis tenella, Novitzky.
Parasite of gall-forming larvae of Tetramesa spp. (Eurytomidae) in grass- stems. Europe and North America.
Eudecatoma stagnalis (Erdoes, 1947) (Decatoma s., Fragm. faun. hung., 10: 21-23; D. fasciata Thomson, 1876, Hym. Scand., 4: 29, preocc.).
Piemonte: Lucento near Torino, 19.VIII.1952, ex stem of Phragmites, Goidanich.
Develops in stems of Phragmites communis, parasitically on Giraudiella inclusa Frauenf. Probably all Europe, but little known.
Eudecatoma submutica (Thomson, 1876) (Decatoma s., Hym. Scand., 4: 33; Eudeca- toma s., Claridge, 1959, Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent., 13: 157-158).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Cynipidae of the genera Aulacidea and Isocolus in their galls on Compositae. T'hroughout Europe, mostly common.
Eurytoma aciculata Ratzeburg, 1848 (Ichneum. d. Forstins., 2: 177; Mayr, 1878, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 28: 324; Ferriére, 1950, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 23: 380).
Aosta: Val Ferret, 20.V.1965, ex gall of Pontania sp., Goidanich.
Parasite in galls of sawflies (Tenthredinidae) on Salix; the other host re- cords seem doubtful. Widely distributed over Europe.
Eurytoma brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 (Ichneum. d. Forstins., 3: 221; Claridge & Askew, 1960, Entomophaga, 5: 145-149).
Piemonte: Vallendona near Asti, 5.VII.1947, ex gall of Cynips polycera Gir., Goidanich;
Puglie: Castellana Grotte (Bari), 6.VII.1956, ex gall of indet. Cynipid (no. 1075) on Quercus, Goidanich.
Parasite in Cynipid galls on oaks. Widely distributed in Europe but until recently often misidentified (as E. rosae).
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 43
Eurytoma goidanichi sp. n.
(Eurytoma sp., Giov. Martelli, 1907, Boli. Lab. Zool. Portici, 1: 106; E. strigifrons, G .Mar- telli, 1909, ibidem, 3: 261-264; Masi, 1909, ibidem, 4: 4-6; nec E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876, Hym. Scand., 4: 36).
Italy: Emilia: Bologna, 12.VII.1917, ex Apanteles glomeratus L., 1% (holotype) 1 3, Andrea Fiori; also 2 44 and 2 99, Bologna, VIII.1917, « parassita di Apanteles orobena », Andrea Fiori. - Czechoslovakia: Slovakia: Nitra, VI.1959, 499 and 1 & ex Apanteles glome- ratus in Pieris brassicae L., Hostounsky; Stürovo, 22.VII.1963, Hoffer. - Yugoslavia: Croatia: Krapina 2 99, leg. Hensch; Serbia: Pancévo, 27.VII.1968, 99 ex cocoon of Apan- teles sp., Marovié; Macedonia: Demir Kapija, 11.VI and 5.XI.1968, 99 hyperparasitic on Lymantria dispar L., Vasié; Kali, Island of Ugljan, 29 and 31.VII.1966, 2 99, Hoffer. - Mol - davian SSR: Kishinev, 30.VII.1957, 7 22 ex cocoons of Apanteles, Talitzki; 23. and 29. VIII. 1962, 2 99, Talitzki; Tiraspol, 4.VII.1957, 1.9; Talitzki.
Female. - Body black; tarsi, knees, then front tibiae mainly and apices of the other tibiae more or less testaceous. Wings hyaline, venation pale brown.
Body length 2.3-3.6 mm. (holotype 2.8 mm.).
Head from above fully twice as broad as long and about 1.25 times as broad as the mesoscutum. In anterior view fully 1.3 times as broad as high. Anterior adorbital carina (at eye margin) low but perceptible, rarely rather strong. Between anterior ocellus and scrobes a transverse concave smooth area which is constricted in the middle and divided in two by a short carina. Lateral margin of scrobes carinaceous but not elevated. Clypeus indistinctly delimited, in its place a de- pression and mouth here relatively deeply emarginate (deeper than in fig. 2A on p. 5 in Masi, 1909!); lower face very coarsely radiately striate, one of the strongest radiating striae descending from clypeus along mouth margin laterad, another ascending to the lower extremity of the eye. Sharp posterior margin of gena smoothly, almost archedly joining the mouth margin; the lowest point of the latter situated about half way between median line of face and a vertical line through inner eye orbit. Scapus not notably thickened, hardly reaching anterior margin of ocellus, shorter than breadth of eye as 14.5:18 (eye 18:22). Pedicellus subglobular. Flagellum plus pedicellus slightly shorter than breadth of head (45:48); all five funicle segments very slightly elongate or the distal ones sub- quadrate (see fig. 1 in Masi, 1909 for the female antenna and fig. 4 for the male antenna).
Thorax 1.65 times as long as broad, dorsally with usual coarse umbilicate punctation. Propodeum broadly depressed in the middle, at base on either side of the depression with a subtriangular area which is carinaceously delimited. Marginal vein of forewing 1.1-1.3 times as long as the stigmal and about as long as the postmarginal vein. Front coxae anteriorly with sharp oblique carina, the carina slightly arched and appearing like a tooth in a side view. Mesopleuron with distinct mesosternal shelf which is carinaceously set off anteriorly; minimum length of shelf barely exceeding length of the lateral edge of mesoscutum (mea- sured in front of tegula), the shelf longest in the middle and there forming a blunt boss or tooth (similar to that of E. dentata Mayr).
Abdominal petiole in female transverse, dorsally posteriorly with distinct median tubercle and two lateral tubercles anteriorly. Gaster compressed from sides, the second and third postpetiolar tergites nearly equal in length, both taken together hardly longer than the fourth alone (this the longest). Epipygium not erect, short, dorsally about as long as the visible subcarinaceous part of the pre- ceding tergite.
Male similar to female in most characters, but smaller in size. Funicle 5-segmented.
44 Z. BOUCEK
For the other characters see Masi, 1909, who identified this species as Eurytoma strigifrons Thoms. The true strigifrons is, however, a quite different species developing parasitically in Cynipid galls on Compositae (probably mo- nophagous on /socolus rogenhoffert Wachtl in flower-heads of Centaurea scabiosa ia, seer Claridge, 1061 Tran Rent. Soc. Lond., Ar 36: 156). E. pordanıchz, on the other hand, develops similarly to E. verticillata (Fabr.) as a hyperparasite of various Lepidoptera through Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. It seems to be a common species in southern and eastern countries of Europe. Apart from the type material mentioned above I examined many other specimens, mostly reared, from Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia and the Moldavian S.S.R. E. goidanichi may be separated fairly easily from all the other species known to me on the mentioned combination of characters, from E. verticillata mainly by the presence of the mesosternal shelf and the strong carina on front coxae.
Named in honour of Professor Athos Goidanich, Turin, in gratitude for his hospitality.
Holotype deposited in his institute.
Eurytoma gyoerfii Erdoes, 1957 (Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. Hung., s.n., 8: 353-354). Toscana: near Firenze, 23.VII.1949, M. Consani.
Reared from Anobium sp. (Col., Anobiidae) in Hungary and not recorded so far from elsewhere. This is a very characteristic species (the type of which I examined in Dr. Erdoes’ collection in 1968) and is known to me also from Cze- choslovakia (Kovätov near Stürovo, 23.VII.1963, Bouéek) and Yugoslavia (Zagreb-Graëani, 16.VI.1965, Boucek). |
Eurytoma morio Boheman, 1835 (K. sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., 56: 241; E. ischioxanthus, Mayr, 1878, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 28: 323; E. morio, Ferriere, 1950, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 23: 395, 409).
Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Funghera, 27.X1.1954, ex Pityogenes bidentatus Hrbst. on Pinus, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
A variable species (or an aggregate of species?) attacking various bark beetles (Scolytidae). Common throughout Europe.
Eurytoma robusta Mayr, 1878 (Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien., 28: 309-310; Claridge, 1961, Proce, Recut Sec-Lond., A; 36; 155-156).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of various Trypetidae (Dipt.), mainly of Urophora spp. in their galls on Compositae. Widely distributed in Europe.
Eurytoma salicis ‘Thomson, 1876 (Hym. Scand., 4: 47; Ferriére, 1950, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 23: 402, 410).
Aosta: Cuart, 13.IX.1969, on Salix, Bouéek.
Parasite of Pontania spp. (Tenthredinidae, Hym.) in their galls on Salix spp. Widely distributed in Europe.
Eurytoma steffani Claridge, 1959 (Ent. mon. Mag., 95: 12-13).
Emilia: near Bologna, ex stems of Phragmites communis, probably as parasite of Tetramesa ‘romana (Walk.), Goidanich.
Described from S. France, from Tetramesa romana (Walk.) in stems of Arundo donax L. The original description fits well the Italian specimens on which Prof. Goidanich is going to publish further biological data.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 45
Eurytoma tibialis Boheman, 1835 (K. sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., 56: 232; E. curta, Mayr, 1878, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 28: 313-314; E. tibialis, Claridge, 1961, Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., A, 36: 154-155).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouëek.
Reported from various hosts but the only correct records seem to be those concerning Trypetidae forming galls in flower-heads of various Compositae. ‘Throughout Europe.
Eurytoma tilicola Hedqvist, 1966 (Ann. ent. fenn., 32: 196-197).
Piemonte: Maiola (Cuneo), 28.1V.1946, ex a twig of Pyrus communis (mat. no. 299) along with Cerambycids, a Magdalis sp. and Janus compressus F., Goidanich.
Recorded so far only from Finland, where it was reared from twigs of Tilia together with the Cerambycid Stenostola ferrea Schr. (its host?). Known
to me also from Czechoslovakia and from Yugoslavia (Croatia: Krapina, leg. Hensch).
Tetramesa fulvicollis (Walker, 1832) (Isosoma f., Ent. Mag., 1: 21; Tetramesa f., Claridge, 1961, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., £1324183, 211-212).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Phytophagous in stems of Brachypodium spp. Distributed throughout temperate Europe.
Tetramesa hyalipennis (Walker, 1832) (Isosoma h., Ent. Mag., 1: 17; Tetramesa h., Claridge, 1961, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., 113: 182, 198-200).
Piemonte: Torino, ex galls on Agropyrum repens, mat. coll. 8.1.1953, Goidanich. Produces characteristic galls on Agropyrum repens. Whole of Europe.
Tetramesa linearis (Walker, 1832) (Isosoma /., Ent. Mag., 1: 22; Tetramesa |., Claridge, 1961, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., 113: 192-193, pl. I).
Emilia: Bologna, 7.VI.1935, ex galls on Agropyrum repens, Goidanich.
Develops in stems of Agropyrum spp.; phytophagous like all other Tetramesa spp. Throughout Europe; also North America.
Tetramesa romana (Walker, 1873) (Isosoma r., Entomologist, 6: 395; Harmolita r., Stef- fan, 1956, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., 61: 34-35; Tetramesa r., Claridge, 1961, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., #13: 190).
Emilia: near Bologna, ex stems on Phragmites communis, Goidanich; Campania: coast NW. of Napoli, on Arundo, 8.VII.1966, Bouéek.
Known to produce galls on Arundo donax L. Recorded so far from Italy (also Masi, 1919, p. 148) and S. France.
I cannot distinguish the above specimens from T. romana from Arundo donax. Probably this Tetramesa develops both in Phragmites and Arundo.
PTEROMALIDAE
Cleonymus obscurus Walker, 1837 (Ent. Mag., 4: 352; Ferriere & Kerrich, 1958, Handb. Ident. Brit. Ins., 8, 2a: 25; Graham, 1969, p. 39).
Piemonte: Torino-Lucento, 25.VII.1944, ex twigs of Ulmus pumila along with small Ce- rambycids and Scolytids, Goidanich.
Parasite of xylophagous beetles; reared e.g. from Hylesinus toranio Bern. and Scolytus scolytus F. (Scolytidae, Col.) and along with the Curculionid Me- cinus pyraster Hbst. In Europe from Britain and Sweden to E. Czechoslovakia and N. Italy.
46 Z. BOUCEK
Macromesus amphiretus Walker, 1848 (List Hym. Brit. Mus. Chalc., 2: 162; Graham, 1969, p. 43-44).
Toscana: Monte Argentario, ex Liparthrum colchicum Sem. on Laurus nobilis, ex mat. coll. 12.1V.1953, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasite of small bark-beetles in twigs of various trees, mainly coniferous. Widely distributed in the forest zone of Europe, but little known. New to Italian fauna.
Cea pulicaris Walker, 1837 (Ent. Mag., 4: 356; Jansson, 1945, Ent. Tidskr., 66: 48; Boutek, 1952, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 28: 158-160).
Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek.
In Germany reared from Phytomyza pauliloewi Hend., an Agromyzid leaf-miner on Peucedanum oreoselinum. So far recorded from Britain, Sweden, Germany and Czechoslovakia.
Dipara petiolata Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 393; Tricoryphus fasciatus Thomson, 1876, Hym. Scand., 4: 210; Hispanolelaps coxalis Mercet, 1927, EOS, 3: 62; D.p., Boutek, 1954, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 29: 53-54; Graham, 1969, p. 65-66).
Liguria: Monesi near Triora (Imperia), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host unknown; probably a terricolous species. Widely distributed in Europe, mainly in woods, but rather rare. In Italy recorded by Masi, 1921 (Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 49: 240-241).
Plutothrix scenicus (Walker, 1836) (Pteromalus s., Ent. Mag., 4: 10; Kerrich & Graham, 1957, Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent., 12: 293-296; Graham, 1969, p. 104-105).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bou£ek.
Parasite of xylophagous beetles, probably mainly of Anobiidae. All Europe, but so far little known.
Trigonoderus cyanescens (Foerster, 1841) (Cleonymus c., Beitr. Monogr. Pterom., p. 33; Trigonoderus c., Kerrich & Graham, 1957, Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent., 12: 285-286; Graham, 1969, Dp. 102)
Piemonte: Pradleves (Cuneo), 11.VII.1956, Goidanich.
Probable hosts are larvae of some xylophagous beetles. Widely distributed in the forest zone of Europe.
Trigonoderus pulcher Walker, 1836 (Ent. Mag., 4: 16-17; Graham, 1969, p. 101). Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Probably a parasite of xylophagous beetles but no definite data are known. This species had been confused with T. princeps Westw. (see Graham, 1969) and, like the latter, is probably widely distributed in the European forests.
Sphegigaster pallicornis (Spinola, 1808) (Diplolepis p., Ins. Ligur. Spec. nov. rar., 2: 227; Merismus flavicornis Walker, 1833, Ent. Mag., 1: 377; Sphegigaster f., Cameron, 1939, Bull. ent. Res., 30: 192-197; Graham, 1969, p. 136).
Piemonte: Valle della Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Toscana: near Firenze, 14.1V.1949, M. Consani.
Parasite of some species of Phytomyza (Agromyzidae, Dipt.). Widely distributed in Europe.
I think it is reasonably certain that the Walker species is the same as the Spinola species, as presumed by several authors. Unfortunately there are, at least in Italy, no types of the early Spinola species (of 1808) preserved. Diplo-
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 47
lepis pallicornis Spin. became the type-species of Sphegigaster Spinola, 1811 and this well known name should be retained as valid. If the above synonymy should not be accepted, a new designation of the type-species for the genus should be made. I propose the acceptance of the above synonymy in the absence of any counterevidence.
Sphegigaster nigricornis (Nees, 1834) (Chrysolampus n., Hym. Ichneum. affın. Monogr., 2: 133; Graham, 1969, p. 132-133).
Toscana: near Firenze, 14.1V.1949, M. Consani.
Quoted as parasite of two Melanagromyza spp. (Agromyzidae, Dipt.) by Graham, 1969. Probably widely distributed in Europe but heretofore often confused with S. aculeata (Walk.).
Syntomopus incisus Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5: 23; Graham, 1969, p. 139).
Piemonte: Craveggia (Novara), 30.X11.1953, ex Scolytid burrows on Picea (overwintering ?), Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasitic on Agromyzid Diptera of the genus Melanagromyza in stems of some plants such as Arctium, Cirsium, Carduus. Probably widely distributed in Europe but so far recorded only from Britain and Sweden.
Cryptoprymna atra (Walker, 1833) (Prosodes ater, Ent. Mag., 1: 375; C. cavigena Thomson, 1878, Hym. Scand., 5: 22; C. atra, Graham, 1969, p. 140-141).
Emilia: near Bologna, ex mat. « CP 154», probably from Phragmites communis, Goidanich.
Host not known; according to Graham, 1969, the parasite may be asso- ciated with coniferous trees. Uncommon, but probably widely distributed in Europe.
Cyrtogaster vulgaris Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 382; Cameron, 1939, Bull. ent. Res., 30: 197-199; Graham, 1969, p. 142-143).
Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Funghera, 21.XI.1950, Goidanich; Valle della Dora Riparia, Chiomonte, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Val Chisone, Fenestrelle, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Colline del Po near Torino, X.1954, Goidanich.
Common parasite of some Diptera, mainly (or exclusively ?) of Agromyzidae of the genera Phytomyza, Phytobia etc.; recorded also from Oscinosoma frit L. Whole of Europe.
Ammeia pulchella Delucchi, 1962 (Al Awamia, 4: 9-11). Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. Originally described from Morocco, lately recorded from Czechoslovakia (Bouéek, 1968, Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 12: 242).
Halticoptera aenea (Walker, 1833) (Dicyclus aeneus, Ent. Mag. 1: 456; Halticoptera a., Graham, 1969, p. 164-165).
Piemonte: Colline del Po near Torino, 9.IX.1954, Goidanich.
Parasite of Diptera Agromyzidae and Drosophilidae; Graham, 1969, cites Scaptomyza graminum Fin. on Spergularia ripicola and Phytomyza planta- ginis R.-D. on Plantago corynopus as hosts in Britain. Widely distributed in Europe.
Halticoptera brevicornis ‘Thomson, 1876 (Hym. Scand., 4: 251; Graham, 1969, p. 161). Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known but the species is widely distributed in Europe; probably associated with Pteridophyta.
48 Z. BOUCEK
Halticoptera flavicornis (Spinola, 1808) (Diplolepis f., Ins. Ligur. Sp:c. nov. rar., 2: 219; Phagonia smaragdina Curtis, 1832, Brit. Ent., 9: 427; Halticoptera smaragdina, Thomson, 1876, Hym: Scand;, 4:.248 ; «Graham, 1969, p..159).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouëek.
Common parasite of Philophylla heraclei L. (Dipt., Trypetidae), in stems of some Umbelliferae like Heracleum, Smyrnium, etc.; recorded also from some species of Liriomyza and Scaptomyzella (Jansson, 1952, Opusc. ent., 17: 7, which may be erroneous). Widely distributed in Europe.
The type of D. flavicornis, type-species of Halticoptera Spin., seems to be lost, anyway, the Spinola collection in Turin and in the marquis Spinola castle in Tassarolo does not contain any Halticoptera. Similarly to the case of Sphe- gigaster pallicornis, the identity of H. flavicornis and smaragdina (as the species is called in the splendid Graham’s monograph) seems to me to be acceptable, as proposed already by Thomson, 1876. The species really belongs to the Li- gurian fauna as witnessed by the present record (Viozene is near to the boundary between the regions Liguria and Piemonte). Under the name flavicornis this species also is preserved in the old Jurine collection in Geneva, Switzerland. As Spinola was in relation with the Swiss author, the specimen may have come from his own collection and might prove to be the missing type.
Thinodytes cyzicus (Walker, 1839) (Miscogaster c., Monogr. Chalc., 1: 200; Thinodytes c., Graham, 1959, Ent. mon. Mag., 92: 262).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek; Liguria: Monesi near Triora (Imperia), 28.VIII.1969, Bouëek.
Host not yet known; the species develops probably as a parasite of some Diptera, similarly to the related Halticoptera spp. Widely distributed in Europe.
Callimerismus suecicus Graham, 1969 (l.c., p. 177, 178, 179). Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. The species described only very recently from S. Sweden, but known to me also from S. France.
This is a very distinctive species and easily recognizable from Dr. Graham’s description. There seems to be a fairly wide variation, however, in the relative length of the marginal vein. According to the original description this vein is about 1.75 times as long as the stigmal vein, hence relatively shorter than in C. fronto (Walk.), the only other European species. In the mentioned South European specimens the marginal vein is 2.0 to 2.1 times as long as the stigmal.
Rhicnocoelia impar (Walker, 1848) (Lamprotatus i., List. Hym. Ins. Brit. Mus. Chale. 2: 111, 173; Rhicnocoelia 1., Graham, 1969, p. 169, 170).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. The species has been recorded previously only from the British Isles (both Britain and Ireland), but seems to be more widely distributed in southern Europe Besiedes of Italy it is known to me from Yugoslavia and very probably is distributed also in Morocco where it seems to have been des- cribed as Doghmiella viridis Delucchi, 1962 (Al Awamia, 4: 8), as Graham, 1969 (p. 170) rightly points out.
Rhicnocoelia constans (Walker, 1836) (Pteromalus c., Ent. Mag., 3: 468; Rhicnocoelia c., Graham, 1969, p. 169-170).
Piemonte: Quassa near Ispra (Varese), 26.IX.1969, Bouéek.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 49
Recorded from the British Isles and Sweden. Host unknown.
Rhicnocoelia grahami, sp. n. (Rhicnocoelia sp. indet., Graham, 1969, p. 169, 171).
Czechoslovakia: Bohemiay Veltrusy, 12° '( helloty pe, im my collection), 18.V.1966, J. Strejéek; Karlstejn, 1 9, 9.V.1959, A. Hoffer (in Dr. Graham’s collection); Praha- Bee, te 3, .1:V 1.1961; |. »Strejcek,
Female. - Head and thorax bluish-green or bluish; abdomen bluish at base and on sides, its disc rather bright green. Antennae black, scapes and pedicels tinted with green. Legs mainly rufous, but coxae concolorous with the body, front femora mainly infuscate and with a metallic sheen, at least bas- ally; mid femora with a dark stipe on the ventral aspect. Wings subhyaline; tegulae dark rufous.
Body (Fig. 1) length 3.2 (holotype) - 3.3 mm.
Head in dorsal view almost 2.2 times as broad as long (65:30), wider than mesoscutum as 65:54. ‘Temples rounded off and quite strongly receding, in dorsal view one-quarter as long as eyes. POL: OOL as 15:11. Eye short-oval, its length to breadth as 30:23. Antennal torulus separated from eye by 1.3 the length of malar space. Lower face only slightly convex. Antennal scapes not nearly reaching the level of the median ocellus, slightly expanded distally; re- lative length (less radicula) 23, pedicellus 9, flagellum 64, its clava alone 17, first funicle segment 10, the sixth 6 (its width 8). Flagellum rather strongly clavate (Fig. 1).
Thorax rather sturdy, 1.6 times as long as broad. Pronotum in dorsal view with sides slightly converging forward, also the middle part rather declivous just from hind margin, the latter bordered by a conspicuous smooth belt; collar therefore barely developed, very short. Mesoscutum strongly transverse (54: 29), its reticulation anterior to scutellum about three times as coarse as that on the scutellar disc, where it is rather fine and arranged rather longitudinally. Scutellum (measured with the side parts called axillullae by Thomson) slightly broader than long. Frenal furrow rather deep, irregular. Metanotal dorsellum in form of a narrow crest reticulated at top, separated from margin of scutellum by a deep and broad, crenulated, furrow. Propodeum irregularly and coarsely alveolate- reticulate, irregular median carina and plicae indicated. Mesopleuron in middle with a deep furrow, posteriorly the furrow separating epimeron from the epi- sternum deeply impressed in its upper part. Metapleuron rather flat. The neigh- bouring propodeal callus rather convex but with a deep depression above apex of metapleuron, just at the supracoxal flange. Fore wing two and two-thirds as long as wide, marginal vein, postmarginal vein and stigmal vein in relation as 30:31:18. Upper surface of basal cell distally with several hairs. Legs very stout, all femora notably thickened, the hind one (excluding trochantellus) about 3.1 times as long as broad (Fig. 2). Hind basitarsus dorsally (in side view) only 2.2 times as long as high.
Gaster as long as the thorax, 1.33 times as long as broad. Hind margin of the basal tergum not incised in the middle. Last tergum basally almost twice as broad as long.
In other respects similar to R. constans (Walker), from which the new species differs mainly by its much squatter body, with strong legs and antennae, as em-
phasized already by Graham (1969, p. 169).
Male. - Body mainly bluish. Head from above 2.1 times as broad as long. Scapus gradually slightly thickened towards apex; pedicellus plus flagellum
50 Z. BOUCEK
combined (Fig. 3) fully 1.8 times as long as width of head; flagellum filiform but each segment of funicle slightly narrowed towards base, the first fully twice, the sixth 1.5 times as long as broad; clava acuminate, as long as two preceding segments together; flagellum densely covered with semidistant hairs which are half as long as width of segments. Gaster obovate, slightly broader than distance between outer margins of axillae and as long as distance between anterior margin of collar and apex of scutellum. Body length 2.5 mm.
The species is named in honour of my friend Dr. M.W.R. de V. Graham of Oxford in admiration of his magnificent work on the European Pteromalidae.
Merismus megapterus Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 377; Graham, 1969, p. 172, 173-174). Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Agromyzid Diptera of the genus Phytobia developing in Gra- mineae. As the species is recognizable properly only after the monograph by Graham, 1969, it is still little kncwn and has been reported only from Ireland, Britain and Sweden.
Seladerma alpestre (Ruschka, 1912) (Lamprotatus alpestris, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 62: 242; Telepsogos a., Delucchi, 1955, p. 35, 43-44; Seladerma a., Graham, 1969, p. 188, 192, 200-201).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bou£ek.
Reared from Phytomyza asclepiadeae Hend. (Dipt., Agromyzidae) and known, so far, only from Austria.
Seladerma geniculatum (Zetterstedt, 1838) (Entedon geniculatus, Ins. Lappon., p. 428; Isoplata g., Delucchi, 1955, p. 63-66; Graham, 1969, p. 185, 190, 193).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Reared from the Agromyzid Phytomyza varipes Macq. developing in seeds of Rhinanthus in Britain and Ireland. Probably widely distributed in Europe, but little known.
Seladerma laetum Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 289; Delucchi, 1955, p. 47, 51-53; Graham, 1969, p. 188, 192, 204).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of some Amaurosoma species (Dipt., Scatophagidae). Widely distributed in the forests of Europe, but little known.
Seladerma parviclava (Thomson, 1876) (Lamprotatus p., Hym. Scand., 4: 230; Tele- psogos p., Delucchi, 1955, p. 35, 44-45; Graham, 1969, p. 187, 199).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bou£ek. Host not known. Species recorded from Britain and Sweden.
Glyphognathus flammeus (Delucchi, 1953) (Stictomischus f., Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 26: 211, 212; Graham, 1969, p. 209).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bou£ek. Biology not known. The species recorded so far from Britain, Austria and Hungary.
Stictomischus obscurus (Walker, 1833) (Miscogaster obscura, Ent. Mag., 1: 459; Sticto- mischus o., Delucchi, 1955, p. 79, 89-90; Graham, 1969, p. 216, 224).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bou£ek.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA
CIELI
CS
: A a De 22 N HT ZH AYAS Z LATE LL LS La CPP gL Ze = ET À Lo
ZIG
pu |
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et 2 SSSR
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i
Figs. 1-3 - Rhicnocoelia grahami, n. sp.: 1, body of female (holotype); 2, hind leg of female; 3, antenna of male.
Reared in England from Pegohylemyia seneciella Meade (Dipt., Antho-
myiidae) in flower heads of Senecio jacobaea but, according to Graham, 1969, the record needs verification. Widely distributed in Europe.
Sphaeripalpus laevis (Delucchi, 1953) (Stictomischus L., Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 26: 213; Gitognathus laevis, Delucchi, 1955, p. 69; Graham, 1969, p. 210, 211, 212).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: Valle della Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich.
51
52 Z. BOUCEK
Reared in England from Phytomyza solidaginis Hend. (Dipt., Agromy- zidae) on Solidago virgaurea; otherwise known only from Hungary.
Delucchi and Graham put this species under Gitognathus Thomson, 1876 but, as the name was unnecessarily proposed to replace Sphaeripalpus Foerster, 1856, I am using the latter name.
Miscogaster maculata Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 459; Graham, 1969, p. 227, 228, 231-232).
Piemonte: Colline del Po near Torino, 5.X.1954, Goidanich.
Parasite of various Agromyzidae, mainly of the genera Napomyza, Phy- tomyza and Phytobia. Widely distributed in Europe and mostly common.
Miscogaster rufipes Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 459; Graham, 1969, p. 226, 228, 230). Toscana: near Firenze, 14.1V.1949, M. Consani.
In England ascertained as parasite of several species of the genera Agro- myza and Phytomyza (Dipt., Agromyzidae). Widely distributed in Europe but until recently not well known.
Skeloceras socium (Zetterstedt, 1838) (Pteromalus socius, Ins. lappon., p. 425; Skeloceras s., Delucchi, 1955, p. 29; Graham, 1969, p. 242, 243, 244).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. Recorded from Sweden and Britain, known to me also from Czechoslovakia.
Lamprotatus pschorni Delucchi, 1953 (Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 26: 207; Telepsogos p., Delucchi, 1955, p. 35, 46; Lamprotatus p., Graham, 1969, p. 235, 241).
Liguria: near Genova, V.1919, F. Invrea.
Host not known. A very characteristic species, with greatly swollen pedicels n males, but yet little known. Recorded from Britain, Czechoslovakia, Austria and the Moldavian S.S.R., known to me also from Sweden, Poland and Yu- goslavia. New to the Italian fauna (as so many species of this group).
Gastrancistrus clavatus (Thomson, 1876) (Tridymus c., Hym. Scand., 4: 199; Gastran- cistrus c., Graham, 1969, p. 279, 296).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known but the species probably develops as a parasite of Ceci- domyiidae. Recorded so far only from Sweden and Britain.
Hyperimerus pusillus (Walker, 1833) (Cyrtogaster pusilla, Ent. Mag., 1: 383; Mespilon exiguum Graham, 1957, Ent. mon. Mag., 92: 406-408; Hyperimerus p., Graham, 1969, p. 83-84).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. Recorded so far from Britain, Sweden, Czechoslovakia nad Yugoslavia.
Asaphes suspensus (Nees, 1834) (Chrysolampus s., Hym. Ichneum. affin. Monogr., 2: 127; Asaphes s., Graham, 1969, p. 80, 82-83).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Boucek; Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bou£ek; Piemonte: near Torino, 21.VI.1938, Goidanich.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 53
This species has been confounded with A. vulgaris Walk., but Graham, 1969, has shown that it is different. Although no host records from the literature before 1969 may be used, it is clear that the species, like A. vulgaris, develops as a hyperparasite of various Aphids. Widely distributed in Europe, mostly common. |
Asaphes vulgaris Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 152; ?Isocratus v., Masi, 1909, Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, 4: 18-21; Graham, 1969, p. 80-82).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouëek; Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Boucek; Piemonte: Val Chisone, Fenestrelle, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Rocca Canavese (Torino), ex mat. no. 325 coll. 14.XI.1948, Goidanich; Valle d. Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Val Piana, Colline Torinesi, ex Periphyllus aceris, mat. coll. 9.VI.1955, Goidanich; Colline del Po near Torino, 24.X.1954, Goidanich; Torino, 15.VII.1946, Goidanich; Ivrea, 16.VI.1956, Goidanich; Lombardia: Desenzano del Garda, 16.VII.1952, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Toscana: near Firenze, 14.1V.1949, M. Consani.
Common hyperparasite of Aphids. Europe, North America.
Moranila californica (Howard, 1881) (Tomocera c., Rept. Ent. U.S. for 1880, p. 368; G. Mercet, 1934, Bol. R. Soc. esp. Hist. nat., 24: 422-426; Smith & Compere, 1928, Univ. Calif. Publ. Ent., 4: 317-321; Moranila c., Graham, 1969, p. 70-71.
Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Boucek.
Parasite of various Coccids, usually primary, rarely secondary. Originating probably from Australia, distributed now also in North America, Hawaii and some countries of the western Mediterranean.
Coruna clavata Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 380; Graham, 1969, p. 845-846).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Val Pellice, La Ruin-Villanova, ex Aphid on Larix europaea, mat. coll. 6.X.1939, Goidanich; Torino, ex Aphid on Rosa canina, mat. coll. 30.1V.1955, Goidanich.
Hyperparasite of various Aphids through Aphidiinae. Europe and North America.
Euneura augarus Walker, 1844 (Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 14: 331; Graham, 1969, p. 843, 844).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Degioz, 1600 m., 31.VIII.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: Val Pellice, La Ruin-Villanova, ex Aphid on Larix europaea, mat. coll. 6.X.1939, Goidanich; Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Hyperparasite of Aphids, mainly those on coniferous trees. Widely dis- tributed in Europe, in the south probably only in the mountains.
Euneura laeviuscula Graham, 1969 (p. 843, 844).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: Torino, Campo- santo, ex Aphids on twigs of Populus italica, mat. coll. 14.VII.1941, Goidanich; Torino, Valen- tino, ex Aphids on Populus italica, mat. no. 100 coll. 2.X.1941, Goidanich.
Parasite, probably always secondary, on Aphids on poplars. Probably widely distributed in southern Europe but known so far only from Czechoslo- vakia and Italy.
Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani, 1875) (Encyrtus v., Bull. comm. agr. Parma, 8: 84; Anisopteromalia crassinervis Bouéek, 1954, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 29: 57-60; Pachy- crepoideus vindemiae and P. elongata Delucchi, 1955, Z. angew. Ent., 38: 139-141; Graham, 1969, p. 846-847).
Piemonte: Vercelli, Alice Castello, ex larva of Fannia sp., mat. coll. 12.X.1938, Goidanich; Toscana: near Firenze, 23.VII.1949, M. Consani.
54 Z. BOUCEK
Parasite of various small Diptera, e.g. of the genera Prophila, Drosophila, developing in decaying organic stuffs. Mediterranean subregion, central Europe, North America.
Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouché, 1834) (Diplolepis a., Naturg. d. Ins., 1: 170; Pachyneuron minutissimum, Delucchi, 1955, Z. angew. Ent., 38: 137-139; P. aphidis, Graham, 1969, p. 833, 842-843).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouëek; Piemonte: Reaglie near Torino, 5.X1.1954, Goidanich; Colline del Po near Torino, 9.X.1954, Goidanich; Tricero near Vercelli, ex Aphids on Artemisia vulgaris, mat. no. 42 coll. 22. VI.1939, Goidanich.
Frequent secondary parasite of various Aphids. Widely distributed in Europe, North Africa and the Near East.
Pachyneuron concolor (Foerster, 1841) (Pteromalus c., Beitr. Monogr. Pterom., p. 28; Pachyneuron coccorum auct., e.g. Silvestri, 1919, Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, 13: 110-115; P. con- color and P. siculum Delucchi, 1955, Z. angew. Ent., 38: 135-137; Graham, 1969, p. 834, 840-841).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Pont, ex Pulvinaria on Alnus, mat. coll. 7.V.1965, Goidanich; Val- savaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek; Sarre, 13.1X.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Ala di Stura, ex Eulecanium on Quercus, mat. coll. 24.VI.1954, Goidanich; Torino, 15.VII.1946, Goidanich.
Develops mainly as parasite cf various Coccids, less frequeatly in pupae of aphidophagous Coccinellidae, in nymphs of Psyllidae, etc. Widely distributed in the Palaearctic region.
Pachyneuron formosum Walker, 1833 (Ent. Mag., 1: 380; Graham, 1969, p. 833, 836-837).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek; Liguria: Monesi near Triora (Imperia), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of aphidophagous Syrphidae. Distributed in Britain and in south- western Europe (France, Italy), recorded also from Germany (I have not seen so far any specimen from central Europe).
Pachyneuron grande Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5: 29; Delucchi, 1955, Z. angew. Ent., 38: 133-134; Graham, 1969, p. 833, 837-838).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouëek; Piemonte: Valle della Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Settimo Torinese, ex Syrphid puparium on Berberis vulgaris, mat. coll. 11.X.1945, Goidanich; Torino-Valentino, 11.X.1945, Goidanich; Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of aphidophagous Syrphidae, mainly in forest habitats. All Europe.
Pachyneuron umbratum Delucchi, 1955 (Z. angew. Ent., 38: 132-133; P. coeruleum Delucchi, 1955, Z. angew. Ent., 38: 131-132).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: near Vercelli, ex Syrphid puparium, mat. coll. 22.VI.1938, Goidanich; Tricerro near Vercelli, ex aphidophagous Syrphid on Artemisia vulgaris, mat. no. 42 coll. 5.VII.1939, Goidanich; Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of aphidophagous Syrphidae. Widely distributed in Europe.
Metastenus concinnus Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 302; ?Scymnophagus mesnili Ferrière, 1954, in Delucchi, Bull. ent. Res., 45: 264-266; Graham, 1969, p. 829-830).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Coccinellids of the genera Scymnus and Pullus. Distributed in Europe from Britain to Czechoslovakia and Italy but litle known.
Goidanichium atrum, gen. n. sp. n.
Italy, Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouëek. - Turkey, Mersin-Merkez, ex Pseudo- coccus sp., 1968, Yalaz (received through O.I.L.B.).
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 55
Description of the genus:
Head in female much broader than the thorax, shallowly reticulate, in- conspicuously hairy. Occiput immargined but with indication of an edge behind ocelli; temples rather strongly receding. Scrobes rather deep and narrow, not sharply delimited, not reaching the ocellus. Antennae inserted below middle of face, with centres of toruli on lower ocular line. Face below antennae flat, mo- derately receding toward mouth; genae straightly converging to mouth, with distinct hollow at base of mandibles; clypeus not delimited, its lower margin deeply incised in the middle and laterad of the incision almost in one line with short part of mouth margin, the mouth corner deeply receding; malar space with subocular suture hardly perceptible; gena at base of mandible sharply carinacous. Mandibles strongly sinuate, both with 4 teeth. Eyes bare. Antennae (Fig. 5) short, 11263; scapus linear but tapering to apex; pedicellus longer than the subquadrate first funicle segment; the two anelli short; distal funicle segments transverse; flagellum clavate, all segments (except anelli) with one sparse row or longitudinal sensilla; clava not sharply pointed, its sutures slightly oblique but bending distal at area of micropilosity (not basal as is usual) which is large, oval, reaching almost to base of clava; micropilosity consists of straight semierect hairs and of numerous sensilla in form of curved stout hairs.
Thorax short, convex. Pronotum much narrower than mesoscutum, very short in the middle but with a sharp though fine collar carina; lateral panel fairly large, with an oblique zig-zag furrow, behind this nearly smooth. Me- soscutum strongly transverse, with notaular furrows superficial and perceptible in anterior half only; hind margin of sclerite strongly wavy as axillae are shifted slightly forward. Scutellum convex, reticulate, the frenum indicated only by a slightly different sculpture. Dorsellum behind the sharp basal crest flatly arched, obsoletely reticulate. Propodeum reticulate, with short neck, median area cordiform, transverse, delimited by distinct arched plicae; no median carina. Spiracles small, almost round; callus weakly pilose; fovea at supracoxal flange rather deep, narrow, arching toward neck. Mesopleuron reticulate except for smooth part above epimeron. Prepectus small, almost triangular, nearly smooth but depressed in the middle. Hind coxa bare posterodorsally; hind tibia with one spur; legs weak. Forewing broad, feebly and shortly pubescent, marginal fringe short and developed only posteriorly; marginal vein (Fig. 4) equally thickened, relatively short (only one-third as long as costal cell), nearly as long as the postmarginal or stigmal vein which are almost equal in length; basal cell, large speculum, basal fold and cubital fold bare; lower surface of costal cell with a hair line developed only distally.
Gaster sessile, dorsally flatly sunken, shortly oval, as long as and slightly broader than thorax. Terga 1 to 5 decreasing in length, the first covering two- fifths of gaster; hind margins of terga entire; epipygium short, transversely triangular; cerci with two shorter and two longer setae, the longer ones reaching beyond tip of the very shortly exserted ovipositor sheaths. Last sternum reaching two-thirds of gaster.
Male antenna slightly longer than in female, 11263; flagellum distinctly hairy; clava without micropilosity area and nearly pointed.
56 Z. BOUCEK
Type-species: Gotdanichium atrum, sp. nova.
Female. - Head and thorax bluish black, gaster slightly greenish, at least basally; antenna brownish, scapus testaceous, flagellum beneath paler- brown. Legs apart coxae light brown, but femora and tibiae more or less infuscate. Wings hyaline.
Length of body 1.78 mm. (holotype) - 1.8 mm.
Head broader than thorax as 44:36 (1.22:1), in dorsal view fully twice as broad as long, with temples hardly one-third as long as eyes. Ocelli rather large, POL: OOL as 9:7. Other measurements on head: width 44, height 35, distance between anterior ocellus and antennal toruli 19, between toruli and eyes 12, between toruli and mouth margin 12, distance between eyes 27.5, eye 20:16.5, malar space 12.5, scapus 19, flagellum plus pedicellus 33. Pedicellus nearly twice as long as broad, as long as three following segments (two anelli plus first funicular) combined; funicle basally hardly broader than pedicel but clava twice as broad as the latter, barely shorter than three preceding segments combined.
Thorax hardly 1.3 times as long as broad, notably narrowed to both ends. Mesoscutum almost twice as broad as long, scutellum very slightly broader than long. Propodeum in median line slightly more than half as long as the scutellum; median area twice as broad as long (nuchal part not counted). Forewing twice as long as broad. Relative measures: marginal vein 12, postmarginal vein 10, stigmal vein 10; postmarginal vein very narrow; stigmal vein with a small knob and distinct short uncus.
Gaster 1.3 times as long as broad, dorsally bare, with only a few short hairs posteriorly on sides. First tergum polished, the following terga basally with weakly indicated transverse sculpture which becomes more conspicuous on distal two segments.
Male. - Similar to female. Scapes testaceous but flagellum uniformly brown. Flagellum less strongly though distinctly clavate, in length combined with pedicellus 0.93 the width of head. All funicle segments subquadrate, their semi-erect hairs about half as long as width of fourth funicle segment; clava subacuminate. Marginal vein relatively more thickened than in female (suggesting some variation), as long as the postmarginal but slightly longer than the stigmal vein. Gaster oval, without pale spot. Length of body 1.15 mm.
Biology: reared from Pseudococcus sp. (Hom., Coccoidea).
Holotype (@) and allotype (4) collected in Sarre, N. Italy (see above); deposited in author’s collection, along with the paratype from Turkey.
Named in honour of Professor Athos Goidanich, in gratitude for his hospit- ality during my stay in Italy in 1969.
With the thickened marginal vein this genus seems to come near to Me- tastenus Walk. and Pachyneuron Walk. From Metastenus it differs mainly by the antennal characters, by the form of the face which is fairly convex at the low insertion of the antennae, by the differently shaped clypeus, the shorter post- marginal vein, absence of apical marginal ciliae on the forewing, etc. From Pa- chyneuron it may be distinguished by the shape of face, mouth and mandibles, by the presence of the micropilosity area on clava, by the shorter pronotum, by the propodeal characters, the parallel-sided marginal vein, etc. The form of thorax in Gotdanichium reminds one of Pseudocatolaccus Kurdj. (which has, however, very different wings, head and antennae), or of some genera related
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 57
Figs. 4-5 - Goidanichium atrum, n. gen. n. sp.: 4, forewing venation; 5, antenna of femal® (holotype). - Fig. 6 - Catolaccus crassiceps (Masi), forewing of female showing the pubescence.
to Conomorium Masi and Dibrachys Forst. which also have a short postmarginal vein and reduced marginal ciliation but differ in having a slender marginal vein, among other characters.
Pseudocatolaccus nitescens (Walker, 1834) (Amblymerus n., Ent. Mag., 2: 347; Pseudo- catolaccus asphondyliae Masi, 1908, Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, 3: 138-142; Masi, 1919, p. 165; P. euryops, Delucchi, 1956, Mem. Soc. R. ent. Belg., 27: 171-172; P. thoracicus, Parnell, 1964, Trans. KR. ent. Soc. Lond., 116: 263-265; P. nitescens, Graham, 1969, p. 694-696).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek and Currado.
58 Z. BOUCEK
Parasite of various species of the genus Asphondylia (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae). Throughout Europe.
Psilocera crassispina (Thomson, 1878) (Metopon c., Hym. Scand., 5: 166; Graham, 1969, p. 463, 465, 466).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Quart, 13.IX.1969, Boulek; Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek; Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known. Widely distributed in central and southern Europe. In Italy recorded by Masi, 1944 (Mem. Soc. ent. ital., 23: 84).
Catolaccus ater (Ratzeburg, 1852) (Pteromalus a., Ichneum. d. Forstins., 3: 233; Cato- laccus cavigena Thomson, 1878, Hym. Scand., 5: 152).
Campania: ?Portici, 12 1 & sent 1947 by Prof. Silvestri to Dr. Masi among specimens of Merisoides crassiceps (see below).
Hyperparasite of Lepidoptera through cocoons of Braconidae (mainly Apanteles spp.) and Ichneumonidae. Widely distributed in Europe.
Catolaccus crassiceps (Masi, 1911) (Merisoides c., Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, 5: 141-145).
Italy: Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Su- perga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Currado; Campania: ?Portici, before 1947, Silvestri. - Cze- choslovakia: E. Slovakia, Ladmovce-Baba, 16.IX.1951, Hoffer. - Yugoslavia: Dalmatia: Biograd na moru, 6-10.VII.1965, Bouéek. - Bulgaria: Slanchev Bryag (= Sunny Coast) near Nessebar, VIII.1962, Kocourek; Sandanski, VI.1969, Kocourek.
Masi’s specimen came from a cocoon of a Ichneumonidae, so the species may develop in a similar way as C. ater. So far known only from Italy (Catanzaro).
I mentioned this form already in a previous paper (Boucek, 1968, Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 12: 254-255). I did not know any name for it until quite recently, when I was enabled by Prof. Tortonese of the Genoa Museum to examine the material standing under this name, sent to Masi by the late Prof. Sil- vestri. "he material consists of 2 specimens of C. ater (see above) and of 15 females and 1 male of crassiceps, mostly labelled: « Ricev. da Portici VIII 1947 » and, in Masi’s handwriting « Merisoides crassiceps Ms. Metatypi!». One of the pins also bears a label « Catolaccus crassiceps Ms. V. Delucchi det.» (in Delucchi’s handwriting). The specimens obviously formed the base for synonymizing Me- risoides Masi with Catolaccus Thomson by Delucchi, 1956 (Z. angew. Ent. 39: 230). Another pin bears two cards with a few fragments of the body of one female specimen of crassiceps, including the gaster, basal part of one antenna, both forewings and the mandibles and is labelled slightly differently from the rest, viz. « Ricev. dal Pr. Silvestri VIII 1947» and « Merisoides crassiceps Ms. 2 det. L. Masi». The right mandible fits every detail of the figure given by Masi (1911, p. 142, fig. I, 2) and also the separately mounted gaster fits the description excellently, because of the way of mounting, by which it appears narrower than usual. It is assumed that these are parts of the original holotype and are accepted as such. The original specimen studied by Masi in Portici about 1910 was stated by himself in 1937 (Festschr. E. Strand, 3:369) to be lost but apparently was found by Silvestri later on.
Masi’s description of the wing pilosity clearly fits chis species and not C. ater. On the other hand his description of the propodeum would better fit C. ater than C. crassiceps, but without possibility of comparison and with stronger light the sculpture may have seemed relatively strong. In my experience and Dr. Graham’s as well, judging from Masi’s description and figures it would not be possible to put his species in any other genus but Catolaccus. The only really
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 59
puzzling thing remains his statement about the number of anelli (see also Graham, 1969, p. 468), but we feel sure that it was due to some mistake. In certain lights the second anellus, which is fairly large, may be mistaken for two segments and if the whole antenna of the unique holotype could not be readily examined after mounting parts of the crushed specimen (as the mentioned remnants suggest), it may have appeared as if only five funicle segments were present as Masi put it. Or, there was some other mistake in preparaing the drawing. Masi mentioned to me in a letter about in 1947 a similar mistake he made in one of his early papers (see Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, 3: 121, 1908).
As a result Masi’s species is taken as a valid species of the genus Cato- laccus 'Thoms. It is extremely near to C. ater (Ratzeburg) and it seems satis- factory to compare the two, no other species being known in Europe. For iden- tification of the genus Graham’s book may be used successfully, if the stress is given on the shape of head (1969, p. 365, fig. 302) and not on the wing pilosity.
C. crassiceps (Masi): Forewing in female (fig. 6) less extensively and less densely hairy, the hairs tending to be pale; interspaces between the hairs on the disc wider than average length of hair; basal cell generally bare or with only a few hairs near the basal fold which bears a hair-line; basal cell open below pro- ximally; speculum large, open below, extending along parastigma to base of marginal vein and in another streak from outer angle between basal and cubital fold obliquely shortly towards base of the stigmal vein; costal cell not very densely hairy, its upper surface bearing about 20 hairs; apical margin of forewing with- out ciliation except posteriorly; marginal vein plus postmarginal combined shorter than basal cell (0.76 - 0.92 as long as the latter) and distinctly shorter than distance between stigma and the outer wing margin measured in the direction of the stig- mal vein (0.81-0.89:1); postmarginal vein usually only slightly longer than the stigmal vein, the latter forming a slightly less acute angle with the postmarginal vein. Propodeum between spiracles fairly shiny, ın some places like outside of plica, on the neck boss and on bottom of the depressions virtually smooth, the sculpture being formed by obsolete transverse striae or transversely lengthened reticulation; no median carina.
C. ater (Ratz.): Forewing extensively hairy, including the basal cell; hair dark, dense, interspaces between hairs on the disc narrower than length of hair; speculum, if developed, reduced to a narrow strip just outside the basal fold and a small area between this and the cubital hair-line; costal cell abundantly hairy, even on upper surface which bears about 40 hairs; apical margin of wing with distinct ciliation; the marginal and postmarginal vein combined virtually as long as the basal cell (0.92-0.99 as long as the latter), nearly as long as the distance between stigma and apical wing margin (0.9-1.02:1); postmarginal vein often distinctly longer than the stigmal one, the latter forming a slightly more acute angle with the postmarginal vein. Propodeum in median part duller, finely but distinctly transversely reticulate or reticulate-striate, the sculpture being distinctly raised above the surface; median carina often indicated basally, in rare cases even extending to the nucha.
Both in C. ater and C. crassiceps the body is mainly black, thorax sometimes slightly bluish; flagellum beneath, knees, tips of tibiae and tarsi except apically are pale brown. Wings often more or less whitish in C. crassiceps, mainly basally. Length of body in females 2.3-3 mm., in males 1.5-2 mm.
60 Z. BOUCEK
In comparison with C. ater, Catolaccus crassiceps seems to be more easterly and southerly in Europe. I have also seen specimens of C. crassiceps from the Azerbaidzhan S.S.R. (Transcaucasia).
Stenoselma nigrum Delucchi, 1956 (Entomophaga, 1: 65-68; Graham, 1969, p. 437). Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known (probably some Coleoptera). Widely distributed in the Mediterranean sub-region but little known.
Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard, 1881) (Pteromalus c., in Comstock Rept. Entom. U.S. f. 1880, p. 273; Anisopteromalus mollis Ruschka, 1912, Verh. zool. - bot. Ger. Wien, 62: 243-245; Anisopteromalus c., Graham, 1969, p. 433-434). |
Lazio: Roma, 27.IX.1955, ex Calandra oryzae L., Goidanich.
A cosmopolitan parasite of beetles and moths associated with stored pro- ducts.
Dinarmus acutus Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5: 56; Sphaerakis mayri Masi, 1924, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 50: 214-215 and 51: 157-158; D.a., Delucchi, 1956, Z. angew. Ent., 39: 243-245; Graham, 1969, p. 434-435).
Aosta: Sarre and Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.1X.1969, Bouéek; Liguria: Monesi near Triora (Imperia), 28.VIII.1969, Boutek; Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Boutek; Loano, VII.1917, F. Invrea.
Parasite of Bruchid beetles of the genera Bruchus and Bruchidius. Widely distributed in Europe and the Near East, also in North America.
Caenocrepis arenicola Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5: 51; Bouéek, 1958, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 32: 400-401; Graham, 1969, p. 429).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Host not yet known; the related C. bothynoderi Gromakov is a parasite in eggs of the Cleonine weevils (Curculionidae). Sweden, central and southern Europe, Asia Minor, mainly on sandy soils.
Gugolzia harmolitae Delucchi & Steffan, 1956 (Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., 61: 30-36).
Emilia: near Bologna, ex Tetramesa sp. on Phragmites communis, Goidanich; Campania: coast NW. of Napoli, 8.VII.1966, on Arundo, Bouéek.
Described as parasite of Tetramesa romana (Walk.) on Arundo donax in southern France.
Norbanus scabriculus (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalus s., Hym. Ichneum. affın. Monogr., 2: 100; Picroscytus scabriculus, Masi, 1922, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 50: 148; Norbanus s., Graham, 1969, p. 438-439).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.1X.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Cephidae in grass stems including the pests of cereals Cephus pygmaeus L. and Trachelus tabidus F. Widely distributed in Europe but not recorded from many countries; introduced also to North America (not established).
Norbanus tenuicornis, sp. n. Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969 (1 female, holotype), Bouéek.
Female. - Body dark bluish, gaster dorsally greenish; antennal fla- gellum brown, scapus slightly paler at both ends, pedicel beneath apically and whole first anellus pale brown; pale to whitish are also mid and hind tarsi except
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 61
the black apical segment, the knees and tips of tibiae merging gradually in black middle on mid and hind tibia, while front tibia si pale even in middle above. Wings whitish, venation pale brown, beyond parastigma pale yellow.
Body length 1.9 mm.
Head 1.2 times as broad as mesoscutum, in dorsal view only about 1.7 times as broad as long (33:19.5), with frons regularly strongly convex and temples roundedly receding, the latter one-third as long as eye. POL twice as long as OOL, the ocellar triangle not very low, forming an angle of about 130°. Frons and face covered with short and moderately dense white hairs, the surface very finely reticulate, on lower face meshes arranged radiately from clypeus. Head in facial view transverse as 33:27, with antennae inserted in the middle (Fig. 8), well above lower ocular line; genae convex but not buccate, posteriorly also rounded. Relative measurements: width of head 33, width of frons at front ocellus 23, distance of antennal toruli from median ocellus 13.5 and from mouth margin also 13.5, width of mouth about 15, malar space 12, eye 14.5:11.5, length of scapus 16, pedicellus plus flagellum 43. Scapus exceeding the vertex level, curved ; ; pedicellus dorsally twice as long as broad, broader than funicle ın basal half: second anellus less transverse than first, both anelli together as long as broad; flagellum subclav- ate, very slender basally (hence the specific name), first funicle segment about 3 times, the sixth 1.3 times as long as broad; clava in side view twice as broad as first funicle segment, with narrow translucent stylus which is situated slightly obliquely and itself is almost 3 times as long as broad basally. Funicle and clava with sparse sensilla (in side view 1 or 2 to be seen on each segment, rarely 3 on clava) and with sparse long subdecumbent hairs.
Thorax subcylindrical, 1.64 times as long as broad, its pubescence very short, sparse, whitish. Pronotum as broad as mesoscutum, in the middle extrem- ely short dorsally. Mesoscutum fairly regularly transversely arched, 1.5 times as broad as long, as finely (but deeply) reticulate as the scutellum, meshes, how- ever, on the latter slightly transverse. Scutellum convex in anterior two-thirds, as long as broad, 1.5 times as long as propodeum in the middle. The latter strongly and almost regularly convex, narrowly flattened along median line; neck not developed, reduced to slightly reflexed petiolar edge; distance between centres of basal plical foveolae distinctly less than median length of propodeum (as 3:4). Mesopleuron finely reticulate except on the horizontal boss just below hind wing and on ventral convex part which are nearly smooth; femoral depression fairly deep. Forewing bare in basal third, ciliation on anterior part of apical margin not developed, posteriorly very short; otherwise pubescence sparse and very short. Sparse hairs on lower surface of costal cell confined to distal half. Relative measurements: wing length 95, width 41, costal cell length 35, marginal vein 19, postmarginal vein 11.5, stigmal vein 8.5.
Gaster as long as head plus thorax, 2.1 times as long as broad, posteriorly blunted at right angle; dorsally sunken, in anterior half bare and almost smooth. Hind margins of tergites entire. Hypopygium hardly exceeding basal two-fifths.
Male and biology not known. Probably a grass-inhabitant.
Described from Italy but I remember seing this species from Yugoslavia. It differs from all the west-palaearctic species of Norbanus Walk., mainly by the small body, with very slender antennae, rather stout head, by the shape of pronotum, mesoscutum, propodeum, mesopleurae, wing venation (with the relatively short postmarginal vein, Fig. 7) etc.
The holotype deposited in my collection.
62 Z. BOUCEK
Homoporus apharetus (Walker, 1839) (Pteromalus a., Monogr. Chalc., 1: 228; Homo- porus flaviscapus Thomson, 1878, Hym. Scand., 5: 69; Delucchi, 1957, Z. angew. Ent., 40: 407, 416; H. apharetus, Graham, 1969, p. 446, 447, 448).
Aosta: Sarre and Quart, 13.IX.1969, Boucek.
Host not known. Widely distributed in Europe but new to Italian fauna.
Homoporus fulviventris (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus f., Ent. Mag., 2: 190; Homoporus f., Delucchi, 1957, Z. angew. Ent., 40: 407, 415; Graham, 1969, p. 447, 448, 454-455).
Aosta: Sarre and Quart, 13.IX.1969, Boutek; Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of some insect in grass stems, particularly on limestone, basalt etc., but host not known for certain. Widely distributed in Europe.
Homoporus luniger (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalus l., Hym. Ichneum. affın. Monogr., 2: 119; Merisoporus l., Masi, 1924, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 50: 227-230; Homoporus l., Delucchi, 1957, Z. angew. Ent., 40: 408, 419; Graham, 1969, p. 446, 448, 450).
Aosta: Quart, 13.1X.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Lanzo Torinese, ex Tetramesa sp. on Fe- stuca ciliata, mat. no. 827 coll. 24.VII.1952, Goidanich; Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII. 1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of various species of the genus Tetramesa (Hym., Eurytomidae), in grass stems; reported also from some other hosts, which needs confirmation. Common in Europe.
Homoporus pulchripes Erdoes, 1953 (Acta biol. Acad. Sci. Hung., 4: 245; Szelényi, 1956, Ann. hist.-nat. Mus. N. hung., s.n., 7: 171; Graham, 1969, p. 456).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Reared in Hungary as a parasite of Tetramesa aciculata Schlecht. on Stipa capillata. Distributed in southeastern Europe, from Switzerland and Czecho- slovakia.
Homoporus rosae sp. n.
Bulgaria: Rose Valley, 10.VI - 10.VII.1968, reared at the European Station of the Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control by Dr. Pschorn-Walcher (the holotype female reared 10.VI.1968; deposited in the British Museum of Nat. Hist., London, no. Hym. 5.2093).
Female. - Body mainly dark-blue but face slightly greenish, occiput more blackish, gaster bluish-black. Antennal scapus and apex of clava testaceous; tibiae and tarsi whitish-yellow, claw segment infuscate. Wings hyaline, venation pale brown.
Length of body 3.8-4 mm.
Head in dorsal view 1.36 times as broad as the mesoscutum (75:55), strongly transverse (75:36). POL to OOL as 16:15. Vertex behind ocelli slightly sloping to occiput; temples moderately receding, in dorsal view shorter than eye as 11:19. Relative width of frons 52, height of head 54, eye 29:21, malar space 20, mouth width 34, distance between antennal toruli and lower clypeal margin 21, between toruli and front ocellus 27. Mandibles: the right 4-toothed, the left, 3-toothed, upper tooth truncate. Length of scapus 27, flagellum plus pedicellus combined 58, 1.e. 0.77 the width of head. Pedicellus fully 1.8 times as long as broad dorsally; both ring segments together shorter than broad; first funicle segment as long as pedicel, 1.7 times as long as broad, the sixth 1.1 times as long as broad; clava (Fig. 10) asymmetric, sharply pointed but the apex not forming a stylus in proper sense; first suture of clava only slightly oblique.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 63
Sac iz
if
EN, È sai CAM GS SG g et 4 Br GL ECZO & = Na / de EZ CA DA TA ia a PA UA, VEE? Ze co 7 ae \\ CRA ARS ET AL ie N bi st A a AD PER LA © CS 2 GIA, ig SIAE SAS (ani N $ A 2 4 std AE aa i - eS RER ae ENT a cee he > VAS BAI, Erg ro es e de La re Si gee LS a! Yi, MAMA come DS TR Ce PTS ONE Sa ew, I eee ee > = a un den ° TR ee ÿ x et 12 n a. te = > hl A mu Fr
TERN VA Va I |
Figs. 7-8 - Norbanus tenuicornis, n. sp.: 7, forewing venation; 8, head and antenna of female (holotype). Figs. 9-10 - Homoporus rosae, n. sp.: 9, body of female; 10, antennal flagellum of female. Fig. 11 - Capellia stigma, n. sp., forewing venation and pubescence.
Thorax (Fig. 9) measured from anterior margin of pronotum down to apex of propodeum nearly 1.5 times as long as broad (mesoscutum width). Pro- notum distinctly narrower than mesoscutum (47:55), collar slightly edged an- teriorly, very short, one-ninth as long as the strongly convex mesoscutum. Scu-
64 | Z. BOUCEK
tellum barely broader than long (30:29), its disc more finely reticulate than disc of mesoscutum; frenum coarsely reticulate. Propodeum short, in the middle 0.4 the length of scutellum, very shallowly finely reticulate; median carina distinct; nucha indicated by a reflexed lamina curved along the foramen, this carina se- parated from disc of propodeum by a narrow furrow, extending lateral to short supracoxal flange. Forewing measurements: costal cell 60, marginal vein 26, postmarginal vein 29, stigmal vein 17. Basal cell bare, basal fold with a hair- line; speculum open below; costal cell on upper surface bare, on lower surface with a hair-line accompanied distally by additional hairs in 2-3 rows.
Gaster sublanceolate (Fig. 9), 2.5 times as long as broad, nearly 1.4 times as long as head plus thorax combined; its dorsum depressed. Last tergite nearly 1.5 times as long as broad.
Male very similar to female except for antennae and abdomen. Antennal flagellum plus pedicellus combined slightly shorter than width of head, filiform; all funicle segments slightly elongate, densely clothed with short semidistant hairs. Gaster much narrower than the thorax, about as long as head plus thorax combined, all dark. Length of body 2.7 - 3.1 mm.
Biology: Reared as parasite of Syrista parreysü Spin. (Hym., Ce- phidae), a borer in twigs of Rosa damascena.
H. rosae sp. n. is related to Homoporus subniger (Walk.), but the latter species is of smaller size, its gaster in females is shorter than head plus thorax, ovate-acuminate in shape, barely twice as long as broad and usually brownish to reddish-brown in colour, Also tibiae are more or less infuscate in that species the marginal vein of forewing is relatively longer, etc. In a very similar way H. rosae differs from H. crassiceps Thomson to which species it would run in the key by Delucchi, 1957 (l.c., p. 404-408). In Szelényi, 1956 (Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. hung. s.n., 7, key p. 171-172) it runs to H. subniger (= H. kurdju- movt), with the 3-toothed left mandible. In Graham, 1969 (key p. 445-448) it runs to couple 5 and there to H. apharetus (Walk.), but the latter belongs to the subgenus Phaenacra Foerst., with the pronotum nearly as broad as the meso- scutum, while 7. rosae has the pronotum much narrower than mesoscutum as is usual in the subgenus Homoporus s. str.; besides, the marginal vein is not thickened.
Homoporus sashegyensis Erdoes, 1953 (Acta biol. Acad. Sci. Hung., 4: 245; Delucchi, 1957, Z. angew. Ent., 40: 405, 408; Graham, 1969, p. 456).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bou£ek.
Reared in Hungary as parasite of Tetramesa cylindrica Hed. (Hym., Eury- tomidae) in seeds of Stipa capillata L. Known to me also from Czechoslovakia; new to Italy.
Homoporus semiluteus (Walker, 1872) (Pteromalus s., Notes on Chalcidiae pt. 6: 101; Picroscytus bicolor Erdoes, 1955, Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. hung., n.s., 6: 294-295; Homoporus b., Szelényi, 1956, Ann. hist.-nat. Mus. N. hung. n.s., 7: 171; Homoporus robustus Delucchi, 1957, Z. angew. Ent., 40: 408, 420; Graham, 1969, p. 445, 458).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known; species seems to be bound to steppe or wood-steppe habitats. Widely distributed in southern and eastern Europe but little known. The male of H. semiluteus has not been described. In Graham’s key (1969, p. 447-448) it would run to couples 6 and 7 along with H. destructor (Say), H. luniger (Nees) and H. subniger (Walk.). With its broad pronotum it is nearest to H. destructor but differs from all three of these species by the much shorter
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 65
antennae. The flagellum plus pedicellus combined is only 0.88 to 0.9 the width of head, subclavate, with the funicle segments transverse and very densely cov- ered with short distant hairs. Gaster blackish, subbasally merging to dark reddish brown. Length of body 1.4-1.5 mm. Allotype comes from Slovakia, Banskä Stiavnica, VI.1952, Bouëek (in my collection).
Homoporus subniger (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus s., Ent. Mag., 3: 95; Homoporus kur- djumovi Szelényi, 1956, Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. hung., n.s., 7: 179-180; H. danuvianus De- lucchi, 1957, Z. angew. Ent., 40: 413; H. subniger, Graham, 1969, p. 446, 448, 451-452).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Boulek; Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Cynipidae in stems of Papaver, Centaurea and Verbascum. Central and southern Europe; little known yet.
Mokrzeckia pini (Hartig, 1838) (Pteromalus p., Jahresb. Fortschr. Forstw., 1: 253; Beie- rina p., Delucchi, 1958, Entomophaga, 3: 271-274; M.p., Graham, 1969, p. 478-479).
Piemonte: Colline "Torinesi, Valsalice, ex Apanteles sp. in a Geometrid larva, mat. coll.
6.VI.1969, Goidanich.
Hyperparasite of various Lepidoptera, mainly on coniferous trees, through Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. Central and southern Europe but little known.
Capellia cecidomyiae (Ratzeburg, 1844) (Pteromalus c., Ichneum. d. Forstins., 1: 192; Capellia c., Graham, 1969, p. 475-477).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Reared from Itonida pini De G. (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae) on Pinus, recorded from several countries of Europe, from Britain and Norway to Yugoslavia and U.S.S.R.; new to Italy.
Capellia orneus (Walker, 1839) (Pteromalus o., Monogr. Chalc., 1: 275; Hylocomus o., Graham 1959, Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent., 13: 111-112; Capellia o., Bouéek, 1965, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 36: 550; Graham, 1969, p. 477-478).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Associated with Pinus shoots; recorded as parasite of Diprion sp. (Hym., Diprionidae) and of Exoteleia dodecella L. (Lep., Gelechiidae). Distributed from England to Poland and Italy.
Capellia stigma sp. n.
European U.S.S.R., Leningrad Region: Pavlovsk, 19 (holotype, in my collection), 17.1X.1963, Boulek; Oranienbaum, 1% (paratype), 15.IX.1963, Bouéek.
Female. - Body dark bronzy greenish; mandibles and legs apart from coxae dark redish testaceous, femora or also tibiae infuscate except on ends. Wings slightly brownish.
Body length 2.1-2.3 mm.
Head in dorsal view almost 1.2 times as broad as the mesoscutum and twice as broad as long, with eye 2.7 times as long as temple, the latter relatively slightly receding and rounded posteriorly. Vertex fairly strongly convex, flatly descending from ocelli to eyes, abruptly descending to occipital foramen, the blunt edge remote from posterior ocelli by about their shortest diameter; occiput broadly excavated, almost vertical. Face convex, antennae inserted above middle. Eyes large; genal excavation nearly reaching eyes. Clypeus vertically striate except for smooth belt along the broadly concave lower margin. Mandibles as typical for the genus, strong and sinuate, 4-toothed, the two basal teeth near to each other and much less strong. Measurements: head width 50.5, height 40, breadth
66 Z. BOUCEK
of frons 33, distance toruli - ocellus 14, distance toruli - lower margin of clypeus 21.5, breadth of mouth 20, malar space 9, eye 23.5:17, temple width in side view 5 (its hind margin subparallel to hind eye orbit), length of scapus 13.5, flagellum plus pedicellus 96, pedicellus itself dorsally 5.5:4, first funicle segment 13.5:4.3, the sixth 10:4.5, clava 16.5:5. Inner eye orbits in upper part very slightly converging downwards. Scapus exceeding vertex level. Flagellum plus pedicellus about 1.9 times the head breadth; funicle filiform, with sensilla in 2-3 rows on each segment and, except apically on each segment, with a few short erect hairs. Clava hardly broader than funicle.
Thorax length (measured from collar carina) to width as 64:43, mesoscutum 43:27, on disc fairly deeply reticulate, short hairs dark and rather sparse and then less conspicuous: Axillae more fone shifted forward than in the other known species. Scutellum strongly convex except for a transverse belt just in front of the sinuate frenal line. Dorsellum reticulate, short. Propodeum deeply densely reticulate, nuchal strip reduced, only about as broad as the swollen basal margin of sclerite. Legs very slender, including coxae (slenderer than in the other European species), dorsal surface of hind coxa basally with several hairs. Fore- wing very large, fully 1.1 times as long as the whole of body, almost 2.1 times as long as broad, very densely and finely hairy; costal cell on lower surface even basally with at least 3 rows of hairs; basal cell extensively hairy except at base, open below in basal half. Stigmal knob (Fig. 11) extremely enlarged, rounded, as high as distance between its base and postmarginal vein. Relative measure- ments of forewing: width 83, length of basal cell 55, marginal vein 31, postmar- ginal 44, stigmal vein 27, middle height of stigma 11.
Gaster slightly shorter than thorax. Petiole conspicuous, with dorsal mem- branaceous part subtriangular, diverging at about 80°. First and second tergite in middle of hind margin excised. Ovipositor sheaths slightly protruding.
Male and biology not known.
The genus Capellia Delucchi, 1958 included so far 2 European and 1 North American species. C. stigma sp. n. is distinguished from all of them very readily by its unusually large stigma of the forewing (hence the name), the long antennae (these are shorter in the other species, flagellum plus pedicellus being at most 1.4 times longer than head breadth) which are inserted well above centre of face, etc.
Synedrus transiens (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus t., Ent. Mag., 3: 192; Synedrus cavigena Graham, 1956, Ent. mon. Mag., 92: 97; Graham, 1969, p. 584).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte; Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek.
According to Graham associated with RES: but host not yet known. Recorded from Britain so far.
Eulonchetron scalprum (Askew, 1962) (Lonchetron s.,Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., B, 31: 1-3; Eulonchetron s., Graham, 1969, p. 599-600). Aosta: Entrèves near Courmayeur, VII.-VIII.1946, F. Solari (Mus. Genova).
Parasite of some Pontania spp., mainly of P. viminalis L. (Tenthredinidae, Hym.) in their galls on leaves of Salix. So far recorded only from Britain, Cze- choslovakia and Canada.
Kaleva corynocera Graham, 1957 (Ann. ent. fenn., 23: 75-76; Graham, 1969, p. 596-598).
Piemonte: Torino-Lucento, ex mat. no. 153 coll. on Ulmus pumila, 3.VII.1944, Goidanich.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 67
Parasite of Spilomena species (Hym., Sphecidae). Probably widely dis- tributed in Europe but known so far only from Briatin, Sweden, Czechoslovakia and the Moldavian S.S.R.
Cecidostiba semifascia (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus s., Ent. Mag., 2: 494; Cecidostiba s., Askew, 1961, Entomophaga 6: 65; Graham, 1969, p. 565, 566-567).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite in galls of Biorhiza pallida Oliv. on oaks. Widely distributed in Europe.
Dinotiscus eupterus (Walker, 1836) (Pteromalus e., Ent. Mag., 3: 482; Dinotiscus capitatus, Ferriére, 1948, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 21: 525; D. eupterus, Hedqvist, 1963, Stud. forest. suec., 11: 90-93; Graham, 1969, p. 410-411).
Piemonte: Domodossola, Malesco, ex Scolytids on Picea, mat. no. 324 coll. 24.VI.1954, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Alto Adige: Bolzano, Malles Venosta, mat. no. 88 coll. 6.V1.1949, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasite of various Scolytidae, mainly on Picea. T'hroughout Europe.
Dinotiscus wichmanni Bouéek, 1967 (Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 37: 635-637).
Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Forno, ex Scolytids on Laburnum, mat. no. 258 coll. 11.V.1953, Istituto di Entomologia ‘Torino.
Parasite of the Scolytid Hylastinus obscurus Marsh. on Cytisus laburnum. Previously known only from Austria.
Rhopalicus guttatus (Ratzeburg, 1844) (Ichneumon g., Forstinsecten, 3: 29, pl. 8, fig. 5; Rhopalicus g., Ferrière, 1948, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 21: 519, 521; Hedqvist, 1963, Stud. forest. Buec. 11: 71, 82-83; Graham, 1969, p. 413, 415).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Curculionidae of the genus Pissodes on Pinus. So far recorded from Sweden, Britain, Germany and Czechoslovakia.
Rhopalicus tutela (Walker, 1836) (Cheiropachus t., Ent. Mag., 4: 14; Rhopalicus t., Fer- rière, 1948, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 21: 519-521; Hedqvist, 1963, Stud. forest. suec., 11: 71-79; Graham, 1969, p. 413-414).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bou£ek.
A common parasite of various Scolytidae and of Pissodes spp. (Curculio- nidae). In forests all over Europe.
Rhaphitelus ladenbergii (Ratzeburg, 1844) (Stylocerus L., Ichneum. d. Forstins., 1: 208; Pteromalus distinctus Rudow, 1886, Natural. sicil., 5: 268; Rhaphitelus l., Bouéek, 1957, Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 2: 76-78; Graham, 1969, p. 420, 421-422).
Sardegna: Sassari, ex mat. no. 220 coll. 18.1V.1953 on Pistacia, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasite of some Scolytids but host relations not well known. In Sicily described as Pteromalus distinctus by Rudow, according to Masi, 1919 (Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 159) and 1921 (ibidem, 49:238), who recorded R. ladenbergii from Liguria and later from the province of Verona (1923, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 55: 11-13). Known also in France, Germany and Czechoslovakia.
Rhaphitelus maculatus Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 179; Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 160-161; Graham, 1969, p. 420-421).
Piemonte: Borgo d’Ale near Vercelli, mat. no. 369 coll. 2.IV.1955 on Prunus persica, Istituto di Entomologia Torino. |
68 Z. BOUCEK
Common parasite of many Scolytids. ‘Throughout Europe and, probably introduced, also North America and Argentina.
Roptrocerus brevicornis Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5: 85; Graham, 1969, p. 424, 425, 426).
Piemonte: Domodossola, Craveggia, ex mat. no. 322 coll. 26.VI.1954 on Larix europaea, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Alto Adige: Malles Venosta (Bolzano), mat. no. 87 coll. 6.VI.1949, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Curon Venosta (Bolzano), ex Scolytids on Pinus cembra, mat. no. 357 coll. 18.IX.1954, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Calabria: Sila Grande, Camigliatello, mat. no. 368 coll. 15.V.1955 on Pinus silvestris, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasite of some Scolytidae, e.g. of the genus Pityogenes, mainly on Pinus. Mainly northern and central Europe, in forests.
Roptrocerus mirus (Walker, 1834) (Amblymerus m., Ent. Mag., 2: 351; Pachyceras janssoni Hedqvist, 1955, Ent. Tidskr., 76: 84-85; Roptrocerus m., Graham, 1969, p. 424, 425).
Piemonte: Malesco (Domodossola), mat. no. 324 coll. 24.VI.1954 on Picea excelsa, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasite of various Scolytidae, e.g. of the genera Myelophilus and Ips, but the host-relations are not yet well known (the species was not correctly understood until recently). Probably widely distributed in Europe.
Metacolus azureus (Ratzeburg, 1844) (Pteromalus a., Ichneum. d. Forstins., 1: 203; Metacolus aulloi Mercet, 1926, Revta Fitopatol., 1924-1925: 45-47; M. varicolor, Hedqvist, 1963, Stud. forest. suec., 11: 100-102; M. azureus, Graham, 1969, p. 418, 419).
Liguria: Monesi near Triora (Imperia), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Widely distributed in Europe, associated with Pinus; reared from two species of Scolytidae of the genus Pityogenes.
Metacolus unifasciatus Foerster, 1856 (Hym. Stud., 2: 70; Ferriere, 1948, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 21: 529-530; Graham, 1969, p. 418, 419).
Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Funghera, mat. no. 338 coll. 27.X1.1954, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Alto Adige: Condino, mat. no. 277 coll. 22.VII.1953 on Pinus silvestris, Istituto di En- tomologia Torino.
Parasite of various Scolytidae on Pinus. ‘Throughout Europe. In Ital recorded already by Masi, 1919 (Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48:161-162).
Cheiropachus quadrum (Fabricius, 1787) (Ichneumon qu., Mant. Ins., 1: 270; Cheiro- pachys colon, Thomson, 1878, Hym. Scand., 5: 33; Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 158-159; Russo, 1938, Boll. Lab. Ent. agr. Portici, 2: 181-195; Goidanich, 1941, Boll. Ist. Ent. Univ. Bologna, 11: 145-147; Ferrière, 1948. Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 21: 522-523; Ch. quadrum, Graham, 1969, p. 416-418).
Alto Adige: Malles Venosta (Bolzano), mat. no. 22 coll. 17.11.1949, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Piemonte: S. Sebastiano da Po, mat. no. 307 coll. 17.11.1954, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Castagneto Po near Torino, 17.VII.1959, Goidanich; Bubbio (Asti), mat. no. 292 coll. 20.X1.1953, on Corylus, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Calabria: Crotone, mat. no. 373 coll. 17.V.1955, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Sila Grande, Camigliatello, mat. no. 370 coll. 15.V.1955, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Common parasite of beetles, e.g. of various Scolytidae, some Curculionidae (Magdalis) and Cerambycidae (Tetrops etc.) developing in twigs mainly of de- ciduous trees. Whole of Europe, also North America (probably introduced).
Leptomeraporus nicaee (Walker, 1839) (Miscogaster n., Monogr. Chalc., 1: 197; Me- raporus (Leptomeraporus) tenuicornis Graham, 1957, Ent. mon. Mag., 93: 218; L. nicaee, Graham, 1969, p. 687).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.1X.1969, Bouéek.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 69
Develops as parasite in galls of Tetramesa linearis (Walk.) in stems of Agro- pyrum repens. Distributed from Iceland and Sweden through central Europe to Italy (new for Italy).
Meraporus graminicola Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 299; Graham, 1969, p. 682-683). Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Mayetiola spp. (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae) in gras stems. Western Palaearctic region, from Iceland to North Africa.
Pegopus inornatus (Walker, 1834) (Eutelus 1., Ent. Mag., 2: 363; Pegopus 1., Graham, 1969, p. 684, 685).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Boucek.
Biology not known; species associated with moist habitats, or in mountains Europe from Ireland to E. Czechoslovakia and Switzerland; new to Italy.
Arthrolytus discoideus (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalus d., Hym. Ichneum. affin. Monogr., 2: 119; Arthrolytus d., Graham, 1969, p. 791, 792, 795).
Aosta: Sarre and Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouëek; Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known; species associated probably with grasses. Probably widely distributed throughout Europe but little known.
Hemitrichus seniculus (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalus s., Hym. Ichneum. affin. Monogr., 2: 101, 423; Dimachus (Hemitrichus) rufipes Thomson, 1878, Hym. Scand., 5: 54; Hemitrichus as- similis Masi, 1922, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 54: 158-159; H. seniculus, Graham, 1969, p. 826, 827).
Aosta: Valsavaranche - Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouëek.
Host records associate this species with insects in stored products. Widely distributed in Europe, also in North America.
Cyclogastrella deplanata (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalus d., Hym. Ichneum. affın. Monogr., 2: 110; Cyclogastrella d., Graham, 1969, p. 798-800).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of various moths, mainly of Tortricidae, including several pests like Tortrix viridana L., some Semasia and Cacoecia. Imagos often on windows in houses. Western Palaearctic region and North America.
Conomorium patulum (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus p., Ent. Mag., 2: 479; Conomorium eremita, Masi, 1924, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 50: 217; C. patulum, Graham, 1969, p. 821).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Val Chisone, Se- striere, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Moncalieri near Torino, 20.IX.1937, E. Festa; Moncalieri, ex pupa of indet. Lepidopteron, 3.V.1961, Goidanich; Colline del Po near Torino, 8.X.1954, Goi- danich; Lombardia: Desenzano del Garda, ex pupa of Lobesia botrana Den. Sch., mat. coll. VIII. 1953, Goidanich; Liguria: near Genova, VI.1919, F. Invrea; Emilia: Bologna, « 58/47 », Goidanich.
Parasite in pupae of various Lepidoptera, including some pests. ‘Throughout central and southern Europe, from Britain to the Caucasus.
Coelopisthia extenta (Walker, 1834) (Pteromalus e., Ent. Mag., 2: 480; Coelopisthia cephalotes, Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 167; Kranophorus e., Graham, 1969, p. 820).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Funghera, 21.X1.1950, Goi- danich; Val Chisone, Fenestrelle, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Valle della Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Colline del Po near Torino, 8.X.1954, Goidanich.
70 Z. BOUCEK
Recorded from Cacoecia murinana Hbn. (Tortricidae). Throughout Europe.
Dibrachys boarmiae (Walker, 1863) (Pteromalus b., Zoologist, 21: 3609; Dibrachys b., Graham, 1969, p. 807, 812-813; probably ex parte D. cavus auct. and D. boucheanus auct., e.g. Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 165-167).
Piemonte: Brusasco (Torino), ex Galleria mellonella, mat. coll. 18.X.1964, Goidanich.
Parasite mainly of various Lepidoptera, often secondary. Very little known, mainly in connection with taxonomic difficulties (recognized only recently by Graham, 1969). Probably widely distributed in Europe.
Dibrachys hians Bouëek, 1965 (Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 11: 28-29; Graham, 1969, p. 805, 808).
Piemonte: Castagnole, IX.1920, G. Gribodo.
Recorded as being reared from an abandonned wasp nest of Polistes sp. (Viggiani, 1968, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 98: 113-114). Known to occur in Czecho- slovakia, Austria, the Moldavian S.S.R. and in Italy.
Tritneptis lophyrorum (Ruschka 1915) (Diglochis I., in Ruschka & Fulmek, Z. angew Ent., 2: 400-401; Tritneptis 1., Graham, 1969, p. 801, 802).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Diprion pini L., and probably also of some other Diprionidae and Tenthredinidae-Nematinae. Widely distributed in Europe, also in North America.
. Stichocrepis armata Foerster, 1878 (Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., 17: 131; Erdoes, 1955, Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. hung. n.s., 6: 295; Graham, 1969, p. 822).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Liguria: near Genova, VI.1919, F. Invrea.
Host not known, presumably some terricolous species; S. armata occurs mainly in xerothermic habitats. Central and southern Europe.
Spilomalus quadrinota (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus qu., Ent. Mag., 2: 501; Spilomalus qu., Graham, 1956, Ent. mon. Mag., 92: 88-89; Graham, 1969, p. 480).
Piemonte: Giaveno near Torino, ex Coenorrhinus pauxillus Rosenh., mat. no. 825 coll. 17.VII.1952, Goidanich; Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Bouéek.
So far recorded only from the Curculionid beetle Auletobius politus Serv. (Entomophaga, 1966, 11:121). Probably widely distributed in southern Europe, to the north as far as Britain and Czechoslovakia, but still little known.
Callitula angioneurae sp. n.
Czechoslovakia, Moravia: eae near Brno, 1.VIII.1966 (including the female holotype) and 2.-3.IX.1966, reared by R. Rozkosny. - Sweden, Upl., Vallentuna, 6.IX.1959, 1 female, K.J. Hedqvist.
Female. - Head and thorax metallic green, dorsally brighter, laterally duller; gaster dorsally blackish, with a wide round undelimited pale yellow spot, ventrally almost entirely yellow. Antennal scape yellow, apically infuscate; pe- dicellus brown, flagellum blackish. Mandibles testaceous, teeth infuscate. Legs including coxae pale testaceous but claw segment fuscous. Wings hyaline, ven- ation brown.
Body length 2.0-2.4 mm. (holotype 2.1 mm.).
Head stout, wider than the mesoscutum as 34:28, in general form similar to that of Callitula bicolor Spin.; in dorsal view twice as broad as long, in an- terior view transverse as 34:26; relative width of frons 24, eye oval-subtriangular
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 71
14:11, malar space 8, width of mouth 21. Ocelli small, OOL 3.5 times as long as longest diameter of lateral ocellus, POL:OOL as 8:7. Lower face with a small smooth area on disc of the convexity below antennae; clypeus not well delimited, vertically striate, its lower margin slightly produced and subemarginate in middle (Fig. 13). Sublateral anterior margin of mouth down to beginning of malar su- ture (above base of mandible) bordered by a distinct sulcus. All four teeth of both mandibles sharp and strong. Antennal scapus nearly linear, slightly curved, exceeding the vertex level, fully as long as pedicel plus anelli plus basal two fun- icle segments combined, as long as eye; pedicellus plus flagellum combined almost as long as width of head (46:48); pedicellus dorsally fully twice as long as broad, nearly as long as first funicle segment plus third anellus combined. Funicle (Fig. 14) slender, its segments oblong, hardly increasing in width; clava as long as two preceding segments combined, simply pointed at apex (no distinct stylus).
Thorax only weakly arched, 1.7 times as long as broad, all over strongly reticulate with the exception of the caudal margin of pronotum and the meta- notum which are smooth. Mesoscutum 2.1 times as broad as long, slightly shorter than scutellum. The latter feebly convex, subtrapezoidal, broader than long as 16:14. Propodeal neck very conspicuous, long, its constriction abrupt; the whole sclerite along middle as long as the scutellum. Mesopleuron: part above mesepimeron anteriorly convex and smooth, the depression separating off mesepimeron broadly groove-like. Wings fully developed. Forewing: basal fold and distal part of cubital fold below basal cell with a simple hair-line. Re- lative measurements: length of costal cell 30, marginal vein 21, post-marginal vein 9, stigmal vein 5.5. Angle formed by stigmal and postmarginal vein fully 450, Stigmal knob small but distinct.
Gaster usually not sunken dorsally, broader than thorax and hardly as long as thorax less pronotum, broadly oval, about 1.6 times as long as broad. Basal tergite covering more than half of gaster, second tergite also fairly long., usually as long as three following tergites combined. Ovipositor sheaths slightly exserted. Hypogynium exceeding middle of gaster. À
Male. - Similar to female in colour and structure except for the antennae (and gaster): these are slightly shorter, pale yellow, with narrow black rings at base of funicle segments 2 to 5 and a black clava. Clava shorter than two pre- ceding segments combined, about twice as long as broad (in most dry specimens distorted). Marginal vein and postmarginal vein thickened (Fig. 12). Gaster smaller than in female, the pale spot situated nearer to base. Length 1.8 mm.
Biology: slightly gregarious parasite of Angioneura cyrtoneurina Zett. (Dipt., Calliphoridae) developing in molluscs of the genus Succinea. Dr. Roz- koëny, who kindly gave me his material, reared on one occasion 5 specimens from 2 puparia of the host (2 puparia parasitized out of 22), on another occasion 10 specimens from 5 puparia (5 parasitized out of 11).
Holotype in my collection; paratypes in the Prague National Museum, in Dr. Hedqvist’s collection in Stockholm, in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) in London and in my own collection.
Among the European species of the genus Callitula Spin. (see Bouéek, 1964, Entomophaga, 9: 9-15, and Graham, 1969, p. 458-462) C. angioneurae seems to come nearest to C. bicolor Spin., at least as regards the shape of the body. It differs, however, from all the known species in having the antennal clava less distinctly pointed, not tapering in a narrow stylus, in having a relatively much longer marginal vein and much shorter stigmal vein, the venation thickened in
12 Z. BOUCEK
males (which is unique in the genus), etc. In male the flagellum is strikingly bicolorous, with clava unusually short and broad. Also in the biological respect C. angioneurae is different from the other species which are known as parasites of small Diptera in grass stems, some being associated with Phragmites only.
Eupteromalus arzoneae sp. n. (Eupteromalus sp. A, Graham, 1969, p. 744, 746, 756). | Italy: Piemonte: Ghiffa (Verbania), 27.VIII.1969, 21 99 and 3 $d ex prepupa of Phi-
. losamia cynthia Drury, parasitized by the Tachinid Pales pavida Meig., reared by Miss Dr. A.
Arzone. - Czechoslovakia: Bohemia: Brehyné near Doksy, 6.VI.1958, 19, A. Hoffer.
Female. - Body green; scapes and legs with the exception of coxae light testaceous; flagellum dark brown, pedicellus testaceous beneath. Wings hyaline.
Body length 2.0-2.5 mm. (holotype 2.5 mm.).
Head 1.2 times as broad as the mesoscutum, in dorsal view (Fig. 15) 1.9-1.95 times as broad as long, with temples well developed, moderately con- verging, about 0.4 as long as eyes. Ocelli very small, POL to OOL as 14:11; Vertex sloping to the blunted occipital carina nearly as strongly as it slopes for- ward to the very shallow scrobes. Head in facial view fully 1.3 times as broad as high, with antennae inserted well above the lower ocular line (by about the torulus diameter) and with genae moderately buccate; malar space about half as long as width of mouth (13:25) or half the length of eye (13:26); eye 18:26, width of frons 1.4 the length of eye. Face below the antennae slightly convex, distance between antennal torulus and the lower margin of clypeus in relation to length of malar space as 16:13. Both mandibles with four teeth. Antennal scapus slightly shorter than eye (23:26), nearly reaching the vertex level. Fla- gellum plus pedicellus combined (Fig. 14) shorter than width of head as 46:54. Pedicellus 1.7-1.8 times as long as broad; both ring segments combined barely as long as broad, the first strongly transverse; flagellum hardly clavate, first funicle segment as long as broad or very slightly elongate, the following ones subquadrate to very slightly transverse, in particular the distal ones, each (seen from the side) with 4-6 longitudinal sensilla; clava as long as three preceding segments combined, the narrow area of micropilosity confined to distal third.
Pronotal collar not sharply margined anteriorly; with a rather broad smooth stripe along hind margin. Mesoscutum 1.83 times as broad as long. Scutellum moderately convex, flattened on disc, fully 1.3 times as long as propodeum in the middle; the latter with median carina weakly indicated or almost absent, plicae distinct, median area 1.3 times as broad as long; lateral callus moderately densely hairy. Forewing with basal cell and basal fold bare, ratio between mar- ginal vein, postmarginal vein and stigmal vein as 23:23:15; marginal vein usually fully 1.5 times as long as the stigmal vein (average 1.53, ranging from 1.45 to 1,61).
Gaster about as long and broader than the thorax, about 1.4 times as long as broad, broadly ovate and pointed at apex. Basal three or four tergites smooth, first postpetiolar tergite laterally with a loose patch of 5-7 hairs and 1-2 isolated hairs placed more basad; second tergite with several short hairs on sides; fifth and sixth tergite with more abundant hairs. Epipygium about 1.6 times as broad at base as long. |
Male. - Very similar to female. Antennae wholly yellowish or flagellum slightly infuscate. All funicle segments almost equal in shape, each very slightly longer than broad, the first segment sometimes very slightly shorter than the
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 73
Figs. 12-14 - Callitula angioneurae, n. sp.: 12, forewing of male; 13, head of female showing
mouth and mandibles; 14, antenna (except for basal part of scapus) of female Figs. 15-16 -
Eupteromalus arzoneae, n. sp.: 15, antennal flagellum with pedicellus in female; 16, dorsal aspect of head in female.
second but not ring-shaped, always bearing distinct longitudinal sensilla. Fla- gellum combined with pedicellus as long as width of head. Gaster subcircular, only slightly longer than broad. Body length 1.4-1.7 mm.
E. arzoneae is mentioned as sp. A in Dr. Graham’s paper of 1969 and should be identifiable according to his key (at least the female). The species is named in honour of Miss Dr. Arzone of the Istituto di Entomologia in Turin, who reared it during her research work.
Holotype deposited in the Istituto di Entomologia of the University in Turin.
Eupteromalus peregrinus Graham, 1969 (p. 751, 764-766; Eupteromalus nidulans of many authors).
Piemonte: Mirafiori near Torino, 28.X.1968 ex Euproctis chrysorrhoea L., Currado.
This is the species known mostly as Eupteromalus (or Pteromalus, in some older publications) nidulans. 'The name nidulans cannot, however, be used for it. It originates from Foerster, who gave this name to the present species (develop-
74 Z. BOUCEK
ing in E. chrysorrhoea) but never produced any description, so that his name remained a nomen nudum. Unfortunately the same name was validly given by Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5:155, Pteromalus nidulans, transferred later to the genus Eupteromalus Kurdjumov) to another species the correct name of which is Eupteromalus hemipterus (Walker). More detailed explanation may be found in Graham, 1969.
E. peregrinus is now known only from Euproctis chrysorrhoea and seems to be closelv bound to this host. Widely distributed with the host in the Palaearctic region and in North America.
Pteromalus bifoveolatus Foerster, 1861 (Progr. Realschule Aachen 1860/61, p. XXXVI; Heterolaccus mauritanus Masi, 1937, Festschr. E. Strand, 3: 367-372; Heterolaccus bifoveolatus, Delucchi, 1959, Boll. Zool. agr. Bachicolt. s. 2,1: 53-54; Pteromalus b., Bouéek, 1961, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 34: 93-94; Graham, 1969, p. 490-491, 514, 515).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: near Carmagnola, ex Saturnia pyri, mat. coll. 8.11.1958, Goidanich; Lombriasco, ex Saturnia pyri, Goidanich; Asti, ex S. pyri coll. V.1955, Currado.
Gregarious parasite in prepupae of Saturnia pyri L., more rarely of some other Lepidoptera, e.g. Malacosoma neustria L. Widely distributed in the Me- diterranean subregion, to the north as far as Britain and Czechoslovakia.
Pteromalus puparum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ichneumon p., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 597; Pteromalus p., Masi, 1908, Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, 3: 119-122; Graham, 1969, p. 489-490, 514, 521).
Aosta: Valtournanche Maén, ex pupa Vanessa antiopa coll. VIII.1946, Goidanich; Col- line del Po near Torino, 24.X.1954, Goidanich; Susa, VII.1920, Gribodo; near Lombriasco (Torino), ex Pieris sp. coll. 10.1.1953, Goidanich; Torino, ex Papilio machaon pupa coll. 26.VII. 1946, Goidanich; Portacomaro (Asti), ex Pieris sp. coll. 25.VI.1967, Currado; Emilia: Bologna, VII.1903, ex Vanessa io, Andrea Fiori; Bologna, VII.1903, ex Pieris brassicae, Andrea Fiori.
Common gregarious parasite in pupae of some Lepidoptera, mainly of Nymphalidae, Pieridae and Papilionidae. Palaearctic region, North America, introduced also to some other parts of the world.
Pteromalus venustus Walker, 1835 (Ent. Mag., 2: 494; P. planiscuta 'Thomson, 1878, El. Seand., 5: 155; P, venustus, Graham, 1909:*p 491, -512, 521).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouëek; Valsavaranche-Nivolet, ex cocoons of Megachile sp. coll. 25.11.1965, Goidanich; Piemonte: Limone, ex Megachile pyrenaea Pérez, IV.1920, F. Invrea. - Austria: Leopoldsberg near Vienna, ex Megachile centuncularis L. (det. Pteromalus apum by Ruschka).
This species is satisfactorily identifiable only after Graham, 1969. There are hardly any reliable records in the previous literature although P. venustus seems to be widely distributed in Europe as a parasite of various species of solitary bees of the genus Megachile.
The numerous specimens at my disposal show still more variation than found by Graham (1969). In particular the pilosity of the basal fold in the fore wing is sometimes extended over most of the basal cell, which may make the identification very difficult. At first I thought there must be another species involved but the character has proved to be variable and no other differences could be found in support. I find only one relation: all the specimens with exten- sive pubescence come from high mountains. Apart from the Valsavaranche spe- cimens (Gran Paradiso National Park) there are such specimens from the Dur- mitor Mountains in Yugoslavia (coincidently also a National Park).
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 75
Habrocytus albipennis (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus albipennis, Ent. Mag., 3: 198; Ha- brocytus a., Graham, 1969, p. 502, 519, 544-547).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of Trypetidae (Diptera) developing in flower-heads of Centaurea, Arctium and Carduus species. Probably all Europe (from Ireland to U.S.S.R.), but so far little known.
Habrocytus chrysos (Walker, 1836) (Pteromalus ch., Ent. Mag., 3: 491, Habrocytus eu- cerus, Otten, Arb. physiol. angew. Ent., 9: 122-124; H. sp. cf. eucerus, Blunck, 1944, Z. angew. Ent., 30: 483-485; Graham, 1969, p. 498, 516, 527-528).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Primary or (often) secondary parasite of various species of Lepidoptera, including the Yponomeuta spp.; hyperparasitic through Braconidae and Ich- neumonidae. Widely distributed in Europe.
Habrocytus crassinervis Thomson, 1878 (Hym. Scand., 5: 118; Graham, 1969, p. 512, B17, 537).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Boucek; ee eee ae Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Reared as parasite from galls of Miarus campanulae L. (Col., Curculionidae). Widely distributed in Europe but recorded so far only from Sweden and Cze- choslovakia.
Habrocytus grandis (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus g., Ent. Mag., 2: 487; Habrocytus te- nuicornis auctorum; Habrocytus g., Graham, 1969, p. 510, 523, 528-529).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite of various Anthonomus species, including A. pomorum L. (Col., Curculionidae). Probably whole of Europe.
Habrocytus sequester (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus s., Ent. Mag., 2: 495; Habrocytus s., Graham, 1969, p. 496, 516, 554-555).
Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Recorded as parasite of various Curculionidae associated with seeds or seed-pods of Viciaceae, mainly of Apion spp. Central and southern Europe.
Spintherus dubius (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalus d., Hym. Ichneum. affin. Monogr., 2: 99; Spintherus d., Graham, 1969, p. 481-482).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Piemonte: Colline del Po near Torino, 9.IX.1954, Goidanich.
Common parasite of Apion spp. in flower-heads of Trifolium. Widely distributed in the Palaearctic region.
Eumacepolus grahami von Rosen, 1960 (Ent. Tidskr., 82: 48; Habrocytus saxesent, Thomson, 1878, Hym. Scand., 5: 126; Eumacepolus saxeseni, Graham, 1957, Opusc. ent., 22: 138- 140; E.g., Graham, 1969, p. 635, 636).
Toscana: Vallombrosa near Firenze, V.1906, ex Mikiola fagi, Andrea Fiori.
Parasite, probably monophagous, in galls of Mikiola fagi Hart., on leaves of Fagus. Widely distributed in European forests.
Mesopolobus aequus (Walker, 1834) (Eutelus a., Ent. Mag., 2: 364; Ahlbergiella aequa, v. Rosen, 1955, Ent. Tidskr., 76: 88-91, and 1956, Kungl. Lantbrukshögsk. Ann., 23: 23-26; Mesopolobus a., v. Rosen, 1958, Opusc. ent., 23: 230-231; Graham, 1969, p. 640, 650, 655).
Piemonte: Val Chisone, Fenestrelle, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Sestriere, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Valle della Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich; Colline del Po near Torino, 8.X.1954, Goidanich.
76 Z. BOUCEK
Develops in grass stems as a predator on eggs and larvae of other ınsects,
e.g. of Delphacidae. Probably whole of Europe, also Madeira, North America.
Mesopolobus diffinis (Walker, 1834) (Eutelus d., Ent. Mag., 2: 358; Mesopolobus d., v. Rosen, 1958, Opusc. ent., 23: 229-230; Graham, 1969, p. 646, 650, 669). |
Piemonte: Collegno near Torino, ex galls of Jaapiella veronicae coll. 12.V1.1946 on Veronica chamaedrys, mat. no. 327, Goidanich.
Known so far as parasite of Cecidomyiidae gall-makers on Artemisia cam- pestris and Chrysanthemum. Widely distributed in Europe.
Mesopolobus fasciiventris Westwood, 1833 (Philos. Mag. s. 3, 2: 493; v. Rosen, 1958, Opusc. ent., 23: 208-212; Askew, 1961, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., 113: 163-165; Graham, 1969, p. 666).
Piemonte: Bollengo (Torino), ex mat. no. 17 coll. 16.V.1946, Goidanich.
Parasitic in galls of various Cynipidae of the genera Neuroterus, Andricus and Cynips on oaks. Widely distributed in Europe.
Mesopolobus jucundus (Walker, 1834) (Eutelus j., Ent. Mag., 2: 358; Mesopolobus j., v. Rosen, 1958, Opusc. ent., 23: 212; Askew, 1961, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., 113: 163-165).
Piemonte: Caluso, ex Neuroterus quercusbaccarum L., mat. no. 520 coll. 17.111.1950, Goi- danich.
Like the preceding species a parasite of many gallmaking Cynipidae, but generally less common. Probably whole of Europe.
Mesopolobus subfumatus (Ratzeburg, 1852) (Pteromalus s., Ichneum. d. Forstins., 3: 236; Mesopolobus s., v. Rosen, 1958, Opusc. ent., 23: 223-224; Graham, 1969, p. 678).
Piemonte: Valle della Dora Riparia, Cesana, 20.X.1954, Goidanich.
Parasite in cocoons of Diprionidae (Hym.) and in pupae of some Lepi- doptera, mainly of Tortricidae; primary or secondary (via Braconidae and Ich- neumonidae). Europe, mainly in forests; introduced also to North America.
Anogmus piceae (Ruschka, 1922) (Eutelus p., Z. angew. Ent., 8: 161; Anogmus p., Bouéek, 1966, Anz. f. Schaedlkde., 39: 53, 54; Graham, 1969, p. 629, 630, 632).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Eaux Rousses, 31.VIII.1969, Boutek; Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, on Picea, Bouéek.
Parasite of the Cecidomyiid Kaltenbachiola strobi Winn. in spruce cones. Widely distributed in Europe but rather local and bound to Picea only.
Trichomalus acuminatus Delucchi & Graham, 1956 (Beitr. Ent., 6: 556-557; Graham, 1969) pi 7185727):
Sicilia: Mt. Etna, 1900 m., ex galls of Gymnetron hispidum Brullé (Dr. Olmi det.) on Li- naria purpurea, mat. no. 1408 coll. 10.VI.1961, Goidanich.
So far known only from material reared in Czechoslovakia from galls of Gymnetron villosulum Gyll. on Linaria. The male has not previously been known.
Male. - Body bright green; antennae testaceous, pedicellus above and clava slightly darker; tegulae and legs except coxae pale yellow.
Head in dorsal view 1.13 times as broad as the mesoscutum, less than 1.5 times as broad as long, strongly crescentic, with occiput very deeply excavated and temples subparallel, only slightly archedly converging posteriorly, more than half as long as the eye. Head in frontal view nearly as high as broad (38:39), with lower margin of antennal toruli on lower ocular line; face relatively strongly convex except for the very shallowly concave scrobes. Eyes relatively small,
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 77
oval (20:15), only 0.7 times as long as width of frons. Head in lateral view most characteristic, broad (25:38), with the gena subangularly produced posteriorly at level with lower ocular line, the outline between the lobe and mouth conspicu- ously concave, maximum width of gena, measured from the eye, about equal the length of malar space; the latter with inconspicuous suture and about half as long as width of mouth. Clypeus narrow, its lower margin emarginate. Mouth organs normal. Antennal scapus reaching the ocellus level, in side view with anterior margin straight, as long as an eye. Flagellum very feebly clavate, pedi- cellus plus flagellum combined longer than breadth of head as 47:39. Funicle filiform, covered with subdecumbent hairs; each funicle segment generally with one row of sensilla, the first and the sixth segment subquadrate, the second to fifth slightly longer than broad but still slightly shorter than the broadly pear- shaped pedicel.
Thorax in dorsal view fully 1.65 times as long as broad. Pronotal collar unusually broad (longer than one-sixth of mesoscutum) and its anterior carina strong. Mesoscutum less than 1.5 times as broad as long. Median area of pro- podeum 1.5 times as broad as long, smooth, without costula. Forewing: marginal vein in relation to the postmarginal and stigmal veins as 23:21:14; stigma rather large; basal fold bare except for 1 or 2 hairs. Dorsal surface of hind coxa hairy. Gaster oblong.
Length of body 2.1 mm.
The allotype deposited in the Istituto di Entomologia in Turin.
Trichomalus campestris (Walker, 1834) (Amblymerus c., Ent. Mag., 2: 343; Trichomalus c., Delucchi & Graham, 1956, Beitr. Ent., 6: 551, 574-575; Graham, 1969, p. 713, 714, 735-736).
Piemonte: Colline del Po near Torino, 28.1.1962, Goidanich; Superga near Torino, 16.IX. 1969, Currado and Bouéek.
Parasite of Curculionidae, e.g. reared from (an Apion sp.? in) seed of Trifolium and from Ceuthorhynchus sp. in seed-pods of Thlaspi arvense. One of the commonest Pteromalids in Europe.
Peridesmia congrua (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalus c., Ent. Mag., 3: 194; Peridesmia cla- ripennis, Delucchi, 1955, Z. angew. Ent., 38: 148-150; P. congrua, Graham, 1969, p. 701-702).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouéek.
Host not known; the related P. discus (Walk.) develops parasitically on Curculionidae of the genus Hypera. So far recorded from several countries of northern and central Europe.
PERILAMPIBDAE
Perilampus aeneus (Rossi, 1790) (Chalcis a., Fauna Etrusca, 2: 59; Perilampus italicus, Mayr, 1905, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 55: 568; Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, mo: 150; P. aeneus, Steffan, 1952; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., 57: 72-73).
Piemonte: Dronero (Cuneo), IX.1950, Goidanich; Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek; Vernante (Cuneo), 8.IX.1957, Goidanich.
Parasite of sawflies (Hym., T'enthredinidae) of the genus Athala. Distri- buted throughout Europe, in the south common.
Perilampus laevifrons Dalman, 1822 (Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., 43: 400; Steffan, 1952, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., 57: 73-74; Bouéek, 1956, Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 1: 97; Kerrich, 7958, Opusc. ent., 23: 78-81).
Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek; Liguria: Borgio Verezzi, VII.1921, F. Invrea; Toscana: Sesto Fiorentino, 26.1X.1948, M. Consani.
78 Z. BOUCEK
Parasitic in the cocoons of Chrysopidae (the other records probably based on misidentifications). Palaearctic.
Perilampus minutalis Steffan, 1952 (Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., 57: 70, 74; Steffan, 1962, Fragm. ent. Roma, 4: 27-28).
Piemonte: Susa, VII.1920, F. Invrea; Abruzzo Transacco, VIII.1922, F. Invrea (det. by L. Masi as P. tristis); Liguria: Varazze, IX.1919, F. Invrea.
Biology not yet known. Southern Europe; recorded in Italy by Steffan, 1962, pa27:
Perilampus neglectus Bouéek, 1956 (Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 1: 84, 92-93, 97). Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Boutek; Liguria: near Genova, V.1920, F. Invrea.
Secondary parasite of various moths, e.g. of the genera Campsolechia, Acrobasis, Semasia. Southern Europe, to the north as far as Czechoslovakia and the Moldavian S.S.R.; a more easterly species than the preceding one.
Perilampus nitens Walker, 1834 (Ent. Mag., 2: 163; Mayr, 1905, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien. 5; /'50+ Stellan, 1952. BullsSocksent:-Fr;.57::70).
Piemonte: Susa, VII.1920, F. Invrea; Garessio, VII.1922 and 30.VII.1923, F. Invrea; Liguria: Pietra Ligure, VII.1924, F. Invrea.
Hyperparasite in pupae of Lepidoptera through Tachinidae. Widely dis- tributed in the Palaearctic region.
Perilampus tristis Mayr, 1905 (Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 55: 566; Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 149; Steffan, 1952, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr., 57: 69, 72; Bouéek, 1956, Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 1: 84, 95).
Lombardia: Desenzano del Garda, V,1949, ex cocoon of Laspeyresia pomonella L., Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Liguria: near Genova, IX.1919, F. Invrea.
Hyperparasitic in pupae of various moths through Braconidae and Ich- neumonidae. Rather common throughout Europe; also in North America ( ?in- troduced).
EUPELMIDAE
Calosota acron (Walker, 1848) (Eupelmus a., List. Hym. Brit. Mus. Chalc. 2: 219; Ca- losota anguinalis Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 70: 248, 251).
Liguria: S. Lorenzo di Casanova (Genova), VIII.1936, F. Solari; Toscana: near Firenze,
7.V.1949, M. Consani.
Parasite of xylophagous beetles in old timber. Local and mostly uncom- mon but distributed widely in Europe from England to Yugoslavia. In Italy recorded by Masi, 1925 (Boll. «Soc. ent, ital., 57:32),
Calosota vernalis Curtis, 1836 (Brit. Ent., 13: 596; C. aestivalis Walker, 1837, Ent. Mag., 4: 359, nec C. aestivalis Curtis, 1836; C. aestivalis, Ruschka, 1921, p. 250; C. vernalis, Graham, 1969: Proc. AR sent. Soe, Lond:, B, 382° 90; 92),
Piemonte: Casale Monferrato, 13.X.1950, on poplar bark, Goidanich.
Parasite of xylophagous beetles, mainly of Anobiidae. Central and southern Europe.
It is most unfortunate that the sense of the names vernalis and aestivalis had to be reversed, as explained by Graham, 1969, who was enabled to study
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 79
the original material. Except for the original descriptions by Curtis, 1836, all so far published data on C. vernalis concern the present C. aestivalis and vice versa.
Calosota viridis Masi, 1922 (Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 50: 142-144; Calosota coerulea Nikolskaya, 1952, Chalcidy Fauny SSSR, p. 483, new synonymy).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Develops parasitically on Tetramesa spp. (Hym., Eurytomidae) in grass stems, as does the North American C. metallica Gahan, 1922, which must be very close to C. viridis. Described from Italy (viridis) and from Tadzhikistan (coerulea), recorded since from Hungary (Erdoes, 1947; Fragm. faun. hung., 10:4; specimen examined) and from Czechoslovakia (Bouéek, 1968; Acta faun. ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 12: 237). Probably widely distributed in the Mediterranean subregion.
Thanks to the late Dr. M.N. Nikolskaya, the prominent Russian hy- menopterist and my friend I was able to examine the holotype of C. coerulea Nik. labelled (in cyrillic): « Tadzhikistan, Obi Garm, Harmolita, wheat, 15. VIII.48, Antova» (described from « Tadzhikistan »), deposited in Leningrad, Zoolog. Mus. Acad. Sci. It proved conspecific with C. viridis Masi, the type of which I examined in the Genoa Museum.
Eusandalum coronatum (Thomson, 1876) (Polymoria c., Hym. Scand., 4: 111; Eusan- dalum c., Bouéek, 1967, Acta. ent. bohemoslov., 64: 288-290).
Aosta: Valsavaranche-Orvieille, ex Anthaxia ?quadripunetata on Picea excelsa, mat. no. 387 coll. 9.VIII.1955, Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Piemonte: Valli di Lanzo, Funghera, mat. no. 623, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
So far known as parasite of xylophagous beetles of genera Anthaxia (Bu- prestidae) and Magdalis (Curculionidae). Widely distributed in Europe but uncommon; new to Italy.
Eusandalum merceti (Bolivar, 1926) (Polymoria m., EOS, 2: 371; Eusandalum m., Bouéek, 1967, Acta ent. bohemoslov., 64: 290-292).
Piemonte: San Raffaele Cimena, mat. no. 309 coll. Istituto di Entomologia Torino; Emilia: Castelvetro di Modena, 20.IX.1931, C. Menozzi.
Reared from Scolytus multistriatus Marsh. (Scolytidae) and from Agrilus sp. (Buprestidae). Known so far from Spain, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and T'adzhikistan.
Stenoceroides walkeri (Curtis, 1836) (Stenocera walkeri, Brit. Ent., 12: 596; probably Chirolophus halidayı Walker, 1873, Entomologist, 6: 399; Eusandalum w., Bouéek, 1967, Acta ent. bohemoslov., 64: 268-270; Graham, 1969, Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., B, 38: 91).
Liguria: S. Lorenzo di Casanova (Genova), VIII.-IX.1936 and VI.-VII.1943, F. Solari (Mus. Genova).
Reared from Agrilus angustatus Ill. (Buprestidae). Widely distributed in Europe but very little known.
In 1967 (p. 262) I synonymized Stenoceroides Dalla ‘Torre, 1897 (= Ste- nocera Curtis, 1836, preocc.) with Eusandalum Ratzeburg, 1852. In the same paper I redescribed and figured the female of the species, until that time an enigmatic insect. Now again some more light is thrown on the question of the taxonomic position of the species the female of which is much like some Eusan- dalum. But the male is quite different!
80 Z. BOUCEK
During his stay in Israel in 1965 Dr. J. Erdoes, the well-known Hungarian chalcidologist, succeded in rearing a number of females along with one male of a species, in which I recognized S. walkeri, when I visited him (then still in Tompa, S. Hungary) in November 1968. The male is a remarkable insect, with four flat, obliquely strigose branches in each antenna. Very probably Chiro- lophus halidayi Walker, another enigmatic species since its description (from Lucca, Italy!) in 1873, is the male of Stenoceroides walkert. The type is probably lost but there is no other Eupelmid known so far with a four-branched antenna. Previous authors considered Walker’s description as erroneous (the known males of Chirolophus always have five branches in each antenna), but it may well be that the description was correct!
As a conclusion I re-establish Sfenoceroides D.T. as a valid genus. For the characters of the female see my paper of 1967, p. 266.
Anastatus bifasciatus (Fourcroy, 1785), new combination! (Cynips b., Entomologia Parisiensis, 2: 388; Cynips bifasciata B. de Fonscolombe, 1832, Ann. Sci. nat., 26: 294, new synonymy!; Cynips? gemmarum B. de Fonscolombe, 1832, ibidem, p. 296, new synonymy!; Eupelminus subaeneus De Stefani, 1898, Nat. Sicil., 2: 251, new synonymy!; Anastatus euryce- phalus Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 321-324, new synonymy!; A. bifasciatus, Bolivar, 1934, EOS, 10: 280; Cerycium pratense Erdoes, 1946, Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. Hung., 39: 137-139, new synonymy!, A. bifasciatus, Nikolskaya, 1952, Chalc. Fauny SSSR, p. 490, etc.).
Aosta: Quart, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Parasite in eggs of various Lepidoptera and of some Pentatomidae (He- teroptera). Widely distributed in southern and central Europe.
This species was confounded earlier often with A. disparis Ruschka, 1921 but in recent years was well known as A. bifasciatus (Fonscolombe, 1832). The latter name was, however, still-born, being a primary junior homonym of C. bifasciatus Fourcroy, 1785. Fourcroy’s original description reads: «Le Cinips a bandes sur les ailes. Long. 1 1/3 lig. C. nigro-viridis nitens, pedibus fuscis, alarum fasciis duabus transversis nigris.». I think that it applies equally well to our species and propose accepting the name given by Fourcroy (the types being lost). It is not only homonymous with the generally accepted name given by Fonscolombe but also synonymous in my opinion. Dr. Graham of Oxford, to whom I mentioned the matter, agrees with me. Otherwise the name bifasciatus (Fonsc.) should be changed to A. gemmarum (Fonsc.). The latter was described simultaneously with bifasciatus by Fonscolombe, gemmarum being given to the males and bifasciatus to females of the same species. In 1966 during my visit to the Paris Nat. Hist. Museum I was enabled by my friend Dr. J.R. Steffan to examine the original specimen of gemmarum (which I regard as lectotype) in the Fonscolombe collection. Another syntype (now paralectotype) of C. gem- marum is preserved in the Westwood collection in Oxford.
All the other names mentioned above as synonyms were synonymized previously with A. bifasciatus (Fonsc.). I could confirm the synonymy of A. eurycephalus published already by Bolivar, 1934.
Anastatus oscari (Ruthe, 1859) (Eupelmus o., Berl. ent. Z., 3: 124; ?Anastatus dispar Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 324-326; E. oscari, Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 70: 295-298).
Campania: Meta near Sorrento, 9.VII.1966, Bouéek.
Host not known. Southern and central Europe but uncommon; mainly in steppe habitats.
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 81
Anastatus dispar Masi was described from a male and I was enabled to examine the type in the Genoa Museum. It belongs to the species-group of oscart (and very probably to that species), but the question of its identity cannot be decided definitely because of the difficulty in separating the males.
Anastatus ruficaudus Ferriere, 1954 (Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 27: 11, 15).
Liguria: S. Lorenzo di Casanova (Genova), VI.-VIII.1942 and 1943, F. Solari (Mus. Genova).
Host unknown. The species so far recorded only from southern France.
Anastatus sidereus (Erdoes, 1957), new combination! (Anastatimorpha siderea, Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. Hung. s.n., 8: 363-364; Erdoes, 1960, Fauna hung., XII, Chalc. 2: 206).
Piemonte: Viozene near Ormea (Cuneo), 28.VIII.1969, Bouëek; Liguria: S. Lorenzo di Casanova (Genova), VIII.1936, F. Solari; Campania: Meta near Sorrento, 9.VII.1966, Bouéek.
Host not known. Described from one specimen taken in Hungary.
In 1957 Dr. Erdoes founded the genus Anastatimorpha on this species and the characters stressed by him were used in my key to the Eupelmid genera in 1964 (Peck, Boucek & Hoffer, Mem. ent. Soc. Canada, 34:62; in the des- cription of the abdomen there the words « or compressed » should be deleted). As Dr. Erdoes later (in 1968) informed me, the unique type of Anastatimorpha siderea was lost when being returned from the artist who prepared a drawing of it for the cited Fauna hungarica volume. The description and the figures fit very well the Italian specimens, except for the apices of the dwarfed wings which are drawn too much truncate in the figures. However, I do not see any reason to keep this species in a genus of its own. As the wings are reduced it is not surprising that the extremities are relatively stronger and shorter than in the fully winged related species. The flattened and apically more or less wedge- likely enlarged middle femora of females are present in all the other species of the genus Anastatus Motsch., and also in many other genera of Eupelmidae (although usually not mentioned by the describers). I consider Anastatimorpha Erd. a synonym of Anastatus Motsch. (new synonymy!).
Calymmochilus subnubilus (Walker, 1872), new combination! (Eupelmus s., Notes on Chalcidiae, 5: 81; Calymmochilus atratus Masi, 1919, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 48: 328-330, new synonymy!; Bouéek & Andriescu, 1967, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 37: 238).
The type of E. subnubilus, deposited in the Budapest Nat. Hist. Museum, comes from Corsica. I examined it in 1969 and found it to be conspecific with C. atratus Masi, known from Italy and Algeria.
Eupelmus annulatus Nees, 1834 (Hym. Ichneum. affın. Monogr., 2: 75; E. spongipartus Foerster, 1860, Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., 17: 123, new synonymy!; Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien., 70: 283-286).
Aosta: Sarre, 13.IX.1969, Bouéek; Alto Adige: Malles Venosta (Bolzano), mat. no. 30 coll. 26.V11.1949, on Picea excelsa, Istituto di Entomologia Torino.
Parasite in cocoons of Ichneumonidae and Braconidae, in galls of Cyni- pidae and on insects in various other shelters, primary or secondary. Widely distributed in Europe and North America.
According to the authentic specimen from the Nees collection (from the lot sent on loan about 120 years ago to J.O. Westwood) Eupelmus annulatus Nees
is the same species as E. spongipartus, and not the same as E. urozonus Dalm, as Ruschka (1921, p. 286) assumed.
82 Z. BOUCEK
Eupelmus atropurpureus Dalman, 1820 (Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., 41: 381; Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 70: 276-277; Gahan, 1933, U.S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Publ., 174: 46-51; Ferriere, 1954, Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 27: 4).
Marche: Visso, 12.VII.1954, Goidanich.
Mainly a parasite of insects developing in grass stems, like Chloropids, Cecidomyiids (Diptera) or Eurytomids and Cephids (Hymenoptera), more rarely attacking some other hosts such as Coleophora spp. (Ferrière, 1954, l.c.); also reared from pupa of the Chrysomelid beetle Cryptocephalus octacosmus Bed. in Yugoslavia (new record). Associated with grassy vegetation of the western Palaearctic and some parts of the Nearctic region. In Italy recorded e.g. by Masi,
1944 (Mem. Soc. ent talk, 23: 82).
Eupelmus fuscipennis Foerster, 1860 (Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., 17: 116; Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 70: 278-279; Cerambicobius bifurcatus Nikolskaya, 1952, Chalcidy Fauny SSSR, p. 488, new synonymy!).
This species is not yet known to occur in Italy but along with the other synonymies it seems appropriate to mention also this, although I am sorry that it concerns a name given by M.N. Nikolskaya, in whom chalcidology has lost a very much esteemed personality and myself a very good friend.
I was enabled to examine the holotype of C. bifurcatus in 1968 in the Zoo- logical Museum of Acad. Sci. in Leningrad. It was described originally from « Transcaucasia » and is labelled (in cyrillic): « Temir-khan-shura, Daghestan, 12.V1.1925, Kiritchenko ». It proved to be conspecific with E. fuscipennis.
Eupelmus linearis Foerster, 1860 (Verh. naturh. Ver. preuss. Rheinl., 17: 119; E. sub- vittatus Walker, 1872, Notes on Chalcidiae, 5: 83, new synonymy!; E. linearis, Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 70: 272-273).
Piemonte: Superga near Torino, 16.IX.1969, Bouéek; Toscana: Borselli near Pelago (Fi- renze), 4.IX.1969, Bouéek.
Associated with Gramineae; recorded as parasite of Cecidomyiidae on Agropyrum repens. Central and southern Europe.
During my stay at the Budapest National Museum in 1968 I found several specimens sold many years ago by T.A. Marshall to that museum and among them also the type of Eupelmus subvittatus described by Walker from one spe- cimen from southern France. It proved to be a slightly darker-coloured E. H- nearis.
Eupelmus popa Girault, 1917 (Descr. Hym. var. cum Observ., V, p. 4; E. zangherii Masi, 1946, Boll. Soc. ent. ital., 76: 27-28; Boucek, 1965, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 36: 545-546; E. popa, Priore & Viggiani, 1965, Boll. Lab. Ent. agr. Portici, 23: 23-29).
Piemonte: near Pinerolo, 15.VIII.1945, Goidanich; Superga near Torino, 16.1X.1969, Currado.
Primary or secondary parasite attacking mainly Cecidomyiidae associated with Sorghum (Panicum) and Polygonum. Widely distributed in southern Europe, mainly along waters, in marshy habitats and in temporarily inundated fields; otherwise known also in North America (probably introduced) and I have seen also specimens from Africa.
Eupelmus testaceiventris (Motschoulsky, 1863) (Roptrocerus t., Bull. Soc. Imp. Natur. Moscou, 36: 49; Callimome ceylonica Motschoulsky, 1863, ibidem, p. 47, new synonymy!; Eugelmus flavigaster Masi, 1934, Ann. Mus. Civ. St. nat. Genova, 57: 20-21, new synonymy!).
ITALIAN CHALCIDOIDEA 83
Italy: Campania: Meta near Sorrento, 9.VII.1966, Bouëek. - Yugoslavia: Dal- matia, Biograd na moru, 13.VII.1968, Bouëek. - Bulgaria: Sandanski, VI.1967, Kocourek. -
Syria: Antioche, 17.VI.1934, Novitzky. - Uganda: Mujenje (= Myjanji), VIII.1913, Kittengerger (= Katona, Mus. Budapest).
Host not known. E. testaceiventris is possibly widespread in the Mediter- ranean subregion, southern Asia and eastern Africa. It was described originally from Ceylon and as E. flavigaster from Cyprus.
The Motschoulsky (also spelled Motschulsky in some other publications) types are deposited in the Moscow University Museum and I was enabled to examine them, thanks to Prof. Zhelokhovtsev (Zelochovcev). Roptrocerus testa- ceiventris (transferred to Eupelmus already by Boucek, 1965, Acta ent. Mus. N. Pragae, 36: 546) and Callimome ceylonica surprisingly proved to be conspecific with E. flavigaster Masi and with the further material mentioned above. The Masi type was examined in the Genoa Museum several years ago, with kind assistance of Miss Dr. D. Guiglia.
The discovery of the above synonymy and recognition of that Roptrocerus as an Eupelmus species involves, unfortunately, another name change. Eupelmus testaceiventris Cameron, 1912 (Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, 37:212) from New South Wales in Australia becomes a secondary junior homonym of E. testacei- ventris (Motschoulsky, 1863). I propose the name E. renominatus for the Australian Species (nomen novum).
Eupelmus urozonus Dalman, 1820 (Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., 41: 378; Ruschka, 1921, Verh. zool. - bot. Ges. Wien, 70: 286-290; Delanoué & Arambourg, 1965, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. n.s., 1: 817-842; Russo L.F., 1967, Boll. Lab. Ent. agr. Portici, 25: 197-205).
Piemonte: Valle della Dora Riparia, Meana, ex galls of Mikiola fagi coll. 13.X.1955, Goidanich; Liguria: Ortovero near Albenga, 5.X.1969, Bouéek.
Common parasite (primary or secondary) of various insects, e.g. of galli- genous Cynipids and Cecidomyiids, of some miners, seed-eaters, of sawflies in their cocoons, of bark-beetles, etc. Everywhere in Europe but in the south less common. |
Eupelmus vindex Erdoes, 1955 (Ann. hist. - nat. Mus. N. Hung. s.n., 6: 291-292). Piemonte: Nizza Monferrato, 18.IX.1969, Currado.
; Host not known. Originally described from Hungary; new to the Italian auna.
Macroneura muellneri (Ruschka, 1921)